Atpmic Atomic Mass Atomic Percent Abundance or Hallife, Name Symbol Number, Z Number, A Mass (u) Decay Mode петоn 1.008 665 10.37 min Hydrogen "н 1.007 825 99.985% Deuterium 2H or D 2.014 102 0.015% H or T 3.016 050 12.33 y Tritium He 1.38x 10 Helium 3.016 030 Не 4.002 603 s100% Lithium Li 6.015 121 7.56 "Li 7.016 003 92.5% Berylium 7Be 7.016 928 53.29 d EC "Be 9.012 182 100% Boron 10 108 10.012 937 19.9% 11 11009 305 80.1% Carbon 11 11.011 432 EC, * 12 12c 12.000 000 98.90% 13 13.003 355 1.10% 14 140 14.003 241 5730 y 7. Nitrogen 13 13N 13.005 738 9.96 min 14 14N 14.003 074 99.63% 15 1SN 15.000 108 0.37% Onygen 150 EC. * 15 15.003 065 1225 16 15.994 915 99.76% 18 180 17.999 160 0.200% Fluorine 18 18.000 937 EC, t 1.83 h 19 18.998 403 100% 10 Nean 20 20Ne 19.992 435 90.51% 22 22NE 21.991 383 9.22% 22Na 2.602 y 11 Sodium 22 21.994 434 23 23Na 22.989 767 100% Particle kg Symbol Meve? 1.67262x10-27 1.007276 1.67493x10-271.008665 Proton 938.27 Neutron 939.57 Electron le 9.1094x 10 0.00054858 0.511

Some satellites use nuclear power. (a) If such a satellite emits a 2.35 W flux of ? rays having an average energy of 0.440 MeV, how many are emitted per second? (? rays/s)   (b) These ? rays affect other satellites. How far away (in km) must another satellite be to only receive one ? ray per second per square meter?

(3) A gamma-ray photon with an energy of 1 GeV collides with a stationary proton. The photon scatters backwards, opposite the direction it had before the collision. The proton scatters in the direction that the photon had before the collision. (a) What is the energy of the scattered photon? (b) What is the momentum of the scattered photon? (c) What is the kinetic energy of the scattered proton? (d) What is the momentum of the scattered proton? (e) The Sun generates energy because of nuclear reactions that occur in its core. A sequence of reactionsS that do this is called the PP I chain (pronounced "p p one chain"). In the PP I chain, four protons fuse into a helium-4 nucleus and two positrons, since charge is conserved. Also emitted are two neutrinos, since angular momentum is conserved. The neutrinos have no charge and negligible mass. Assume all motion in the PP I chain is non-relativistic, except for the neutrinos. How many MeV of energy does one PP I chain generate? Include the…

Compare the gravitational potential energy, mgh, exerted on an electron 100 m above theearths surface to the potential energy exerted on an electron by a hydrogen nucleus at adistance of 1 Angstrom. What does this imply?