Atlanta Systems produces two different products, Product A, which sells for $450 per unit, and Product B, which sells for $800 per unit, using three different activities: Design, which uses Engineering Hours as an activity driver; Machining, which uses machine hours as an activity driver; and Inspection, which uses number of batches as an activity driver. The cost of each activity and usage of the activity drivers are as follows: Usage by Product A Usage by Product B Cost Design (Engineering Hours) Machining (Machine Hours) Inspection (Batches) $ 190,000 $1,800,000 $ 160,000 108 142 2,840 2,160 42 38 Atlanta manufactures 12,500 units of Product A and 10,200 units of Product B per month. Each unit of Product A uses $100 of direct materials and $45 of direct labor, while each unit of Product B uses $140 of direct materials and $75 of diroct Iahor
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- Medical Tape makes two products: Generic and Label. It estimates it will produce 423,694 units of Generic and 652,200 of Label, and the overhead for each of its cost pools is as follows: It has also estimated the activities for each cost driver as follows: How much is the overhead allocated to each unit of Generic and Label?Patz Company produces two types of machine parts: Part A and Part B, with unit contribution margins of 300 and 600, respectively. Assume initially that Patz can sell all that is produced of either component. Part A requires two hours of assembly, and B requires five hours of assembly. The firm has 300 assembly hours per week. Required: 1. Express the objective of maximizing the total contribution margin subject to the assembly-hour constraint. 2. Identify the optimal amount that should be produced of each machine part and the total contribution margin associated with this mix. 3. What if market conditions are such that Patz can sell at most 75 units of Part A and 60 units of Part B? Express the objective function with its associated constraints for this case and identify the optimal mix and its associated total contribution margin.Silven Company has identified the following overhead activities, costs, and activity drivers for the coming year: Silven produces two models of cell phones with the following expected activity demands: 1. Determine the total overhead assigned to each product using the four activity drivers. 2. Determine the total overhead assigned to each model using the two most expensive activities. The costs of the two relatively inexpensive activities are allocated to the two expensive activities in proportion to their costs. 3. Using ABC as the benchmark, calculate the percentage error and comment on the accuracy of the reduced system. Explain why this approach may be desirable.
- Sanford, Inc., has developed value-added standards for four activities: purchasing parts, receiving parts, moving parts, and setting up equipment. The activities, the activity drivers, the standard and actual quantities, and the price standards for 20x1 are as follows: The actual prices paid per unit of each activity driver were equal to the standard prices. Required: 1. Prepare a cost report that lists the value-added, non-value-added, and actual costs for each activity. 2. Which activities are non-value-added? Explain why. Also, explain why value-added activities can have non-value-added costs.Evans, Inc., has a unit-based costing system. Evanss Miami plant produces 10 different electronic products. The demand for each product is about the same. Although they differ in complexity, each product uses about the same labor time and materials. The plant has used direct labor hours for years to assign overhead to products. To help design engineers understand the assumed cost relationships, the Cost Accounting Department developed the following cost equation. (The equation describes the relationship between total manufacturing costs and direct labor hours; the equation is supported by a coefficient of determination of 60 percent.) Y=5,000,000+30X,whereX=directlaborhours The variable rate of 30 is broken down as follows: Because of competitive pressures, product engineering was given the charge to redesign products to reduce the total cost of manufacturing. Using the above cost relationships, product engineering adopted the strategy of redesigning to reduce direct labor content. As each design was completed, an engineering change order was cut, triggering a series of events such as design approval, vendor selection, bill of materials update, redrawing of schematic, test runs, changes in setup procedures, development of new inspection procedures, and so on. After one year of design changes, the normal volume of direct labor was reduced from 250,000 hours to 200,000 hours, with the same number of products being produced. Although each product differs in its labor content, the redesign efforts reduced the labor content for all products. On average, the labor content per unit of product dropped from 1.25 hours per unit to one hour per unit. Fixed overhead, however, increased from 5,000,000 to 6,600,000 per year. Suppose that a consultant was hired to explain the increase in fixed overhead costs. The consultants study revealed that the 30 per hour rate captured the unit-level variable costs; however, the cost behavior of other activities was quite different. For example, setting up equipment is a step-fixed cost, where each step is 2,000 setup hours, costing 90,000. The study also revealed that the cost of receiving goods is a function of the number of different components. This activity has a variable cost of 2,000 per component type and a fixed cost that follows a step-cost pattern. The step is defined by 20 components with a cost of 50,000 per step. Assume also that the consultant indicated that the design adopted by the engineers increased the demand for setups from 20,000 setup hours to 40,000 setup hours and the number of different components from 100 to 250. The demand for other non-unit-level activities remained unchanged. The consultant also recommended that management take a look at a rejected design for its products. This rejected design increased direct labor content from 250,000 hours to 260,000 hours, decreased the demand for setups from 20,000 hours to 10,000 hours, and decreased the demand for purchasing from 100 component types to 75 component types, while the demand for all other activities remained unchanged. Required: 1. Using normal volume, compute the manufacturing cost per labor hour before the year of design changes. What is the cost per unit of an average product? 2. Using normal volume after the one year of design changes, compute the manufacturing cost per hour. What is the cost per unit of an average product? 3. Before considering the consultants study, what do you think is the most likely explanation for the failure of the design changes to reduce manufacturing costs? Now use the information from the consultants study to explain the increase in the average cost per unit of product. What changes would you suggest to improve Evanss efforts to reduce costs? 4. Explain why the consultant recommended a second look at a rejected design. Provide computational support. What does this tell you about the strategic importance of cost management?The following product costs are available for Stellis Company on the production of erasers: direct materials, $22,000; direct labor, $35,000; manufacturing overhead, $17,500; selling expenses, $17,600; and administrative expenses; $13,400. What are the prime costs? What are the conversion costs? What is the total product cost? What is the total period cost? If 13,750 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent material cost per unit? If 17,500 equivalent units are produced, what is the equivalent conversion cost per unit?
- Wrappers Tape makes two products: Simple and Removable. It estimates it will produce 369,991 units of Simple and 146,100 of Removable, and the overhead for each of its cost pools is as follows: It has also estimated the activities for each cost driver as follows: Â How much is the overhead allocated to each unit of Simple and Removable?Atlanta Systems produces two different products, Product A, which sells for $650 per unit, and Product B, which sells for $1,200 per unit, using three different activities: Design, which uses Engineering Hours as an activity driver; Machining, which uses machine hours as an activity driver; and Inspection, which uses number of batches as an activity driver. The cost of each activity and usage of the activity drivers are as follows: Usage by Product A Usage by Cost Product B Design (Engineering Hours) Machining (Machine Hours) Inspection (Batches) $ 230,000 $2,600,000 $ 240,000 116 134 2,320 2,680 34 46 Atlanta manufactures 12,500 units of Product A and 10,172 units of Product B per month. Each unit of Product A uses $100 of direct materials and $45 of direct labor, while each unit of Product B uses $140 of direct materials and $75 of direct labor. Required: a. Calculate the activity rate for design. Rate for Design per hour b. Calculate the activity rate for machining. Rate for…Walnut Systems produces two different products, Product A, which sells for $127 per unit, and Product B, which sells for $209 per unit, using three different activities: Design, which uses Engineering Hours as an activity driver; Machining, which uses machine hours as an activity driver; and Inspection, which uses number of batches as an activity driver. The cost of each activity and usage of the activity drivers are as follows: Cost Usage by Product A Usage by Product B Design (Engineering Hours) $ 158,080 216 304 Machining (Machine Hours) $ 542,720 1,150 3,090 Inspection (Batches) $ 25,480 36 16 Walnut manufactures 10,900 units of Product A and 6,600 units of Product B per month. Each unit of Product A uses $40 of direct materials and $18 of direct labor, while each unit of Product B uses $74 of direct materials and $26 of direct labor. Required: a. Calculate the activity rate for design.b. Calculate the activity rate for machining.c.…
- Walnut Systems produces two different products, Product A, which sells for $127 per unit, and Product B, which sells for $209 per unit, using three different activities: Design, which uses Engineering Hours as an activity driver; Machining, which uses machine hours as an activity driver; and Inspection, which uses number of batches as an activity driver. The cost of each activity and usage of the activity drivers are as follows: Cost Usage by Product A Usage by Product B Design (Engineering Hours) $ 158,080 216 304 Machining (Machine Hours) $ 542,720 1,150 3,090 Inspection (Batches) $ 25,480 36 16 Walnut manufactures 10,900 units of Product A and 6,600 units of Product B per month. Each unit of Product A uses $40 of direct materials and $18 of direct labor, while each unit of Product B uses $74 of direct materials and $26 of direct labor. Required: a. Calculate the activity rate for design. (304)b. Calculate the activity rate for machining.…Atlanta Systems produces two different products, Product A, which sells for $650 per unit, and Product B, which sells for $1,200 per unit, using three different activities: Design, which uses Engineering Hours as an activity driver; Machining, which uses machine hours as an activity driver; and Inspection, which uses number of batches as an activity driver. The cost of each activity and usage of the activity drivers are as follows: Usage by Product A Usage by Product B Design (Engineering Hours) Machining (Machine Hours) Inspection (Batches) Cost $ 230,000 $2,600,000 $ 240,000 116 134 2,320 2,680 34 46 Atlanta manufactures 12,500 units of Product A and 10,172 units of Product B per month. Each unit of Product A uses $100 of direct materials and $45 of direct labor, while each unit of Product B uses $140 of direct materials and $75 of direct labor. Required: a. Calculate the activity rate for design. Rate for Design per hour b. Calculate the activity rate for machining. Rate for…Vattes, Incorporated, manufactures and sells two products: Product 15 and Product U1. Data concerning the expected production of each product and the expected total direct labor-hours (DLHs) required to produce that output appear below: Product 15 Product U1 Direct Labor- Expected Hours Per Production Unit 700 7.0 200 4.0 Activity Cost Pools Labor-related Machine setups Order size Product 15 Product U1 Total direct labor-hours The direct labor rate is $22.00 per DLH. The direct materials cost per unit for each product is given below: Direct Materials Cost per Unit $ 261.60 $ 121.60 Activity Measures DLHS setups MHS The company is considering adopting an activity-based costing system with the following activity cost pools, activity measures, and expected activity, Expected Activity Total Direct Labor- Estimated Overhead Cost $ 268,698 Hours 4,900 800 5,700 37,324 633,895 $939,917 Product 15 Product U1 4,900 300 4,900 800 400 4,800 Total 5,700 700 9,700