Assuming that a fiber optic cable has an index of refraction of roughly 1.5, and that the light is entering from air and exiting to air, compute the p ercentage of the light intensity that is transmitted through the fiber.

Plane-polarized light is incident on a single polarizing disk with the direction of En parallel to the direction of the transmission axis. Through what angle should the disk be rotated so that the intensity in the transmitted beam is reduced by a factor of: (a) 3.40 (b) 5.40 (c) 11.8

A uniform plane wave is generated from a ham radio antenna on earth. The take off angle is 60 degrees (the angle ffrom ground going up is 60 deg). Using simple trigonometry the angle if incidence with the ionosphere would be 30 degrees. Assume the F layer of the ionosphere is 300 km above the earth. The wave frequency from the transmitter is 21 MHz. WIll this wave refract off the ionosphere and end up somewhere on earth? If yes, what is the distance it travels?

A beam of light traveling through air is incident up a transparent material at an angle of ??θi=70.43 degrees as shown in the image below.  If the angle of the transmitted ray (??θt) as measured with respect to the direction normal to the surface of the material (dashed line in the image below) is 29.72 degrees, what is the index of refraction of of the material?