Assume that your bank underwrote 5 loans to various hedge funds based in Cayman Islands each valued at $1M. The PDs (5% each) of each hedge fund are independent of each other and follow a binomial distribution. Assume that recovery rate is 30% for each loan. What is the 99.9% Credit Value at Risk (CVAR )? Please explain each step in your calculation.

Fred Bankman is a hedge fund manager. He has obtained the following exchange rate and interest rate quotations: Bid Ask Spot rate(dollars per euro) 1.0867 1.0871 One-year forward rate(dollars per euro) 1.1078 1.1083 Deposit Loan One -year euro interest rate 3.212% 3.356% One-year dollar interest rate 5.215% 5.316% Is there any arbitrage opportunity? if so, explain how Mr Bankman might make use of the opportunity and express his arbitrage profit in dollars. If not, explain why not.

Suppose that the assets of a bank consist of $100 million of loans of BBB-rated corporations. The PD for the corporations is estimated as 1%. The average maturity is five years and the LGD is 60%. What is the total risk-weighted assets for credit risk under the Basel II advanced IRB approach? Question 5Answer a. $178.1 million b. $13.2 million c. $165.4 million d. $100 million

An employee at Azai Bank seeks to evaluate a transaction using the risk-adjusted return on capital (RAROC) model. The transaction entails extending a loan to an agro-based entity with the following details:- The risk-free rate of return is 7%- Loss given default (LGD) = 51%- Exposure at default (EAD) = ZMW 2.5 million- Probability of default (PD) = 40 basis points The bank's economic capital (EC) model assesses an EC charge for the firm, equivalent to 5% of EAD, amounting to ZMW 100,000. Assuming a RAROC hurdle rate of 15%, the transaction yields a net profit of ZMW 14,000 before other adjustments. Tasks:A. Calculate the bank’s risk-adjusted rate of return on the loan to the agricultural company. B. Additionally, consider the scenario where the bank could have extended a loan of the same amount, generating an identical net profit of ZMW 14,000 before adjustments to a pharmaceutical products manufacturing firm, with an EC of 2.5%. C. Determine which loan the bank should prioritize…

Suppose that the First United Bank of America has two loans. Each is due to be repaid one period hence and has independent and identically distributed cash flows. Each loan will repay $300 with a probability of 0.8 and $150 with a probability of 0.2. However, while the bank knows this, the investors cannot distinguish this loan from that of the Third TransAmerica Bank, which has the same number of loans, but will pay $300 with a probability of 0.5 and $150 with a probability of 0.5. There is a prior belief of 0.5 that the First United Bank of America has the higher-valued portfolio. Suppose that the First United wished to securitize these loans, and if it does so without a credit enhancement, the cost of communicating the true value is 7.5% of the true value. Assume that the discount rate is zero and that everybody is risk-neutral. Consider the following securitization scenario. The First United can create two classes of bondholders in a senior- subordinated structure or junior-senior…

1.

An investor has $80,000 to invest in Certificates of Deposit (CD) and a mutual fund. The CD yields 7% and the mutual fund yields 8%. The mutual fund requires a minimum investment of $8,000 and the investor requires at least twice as much should be invested in CDs as in the mutual fund. How much should be invested in each to maximize the return? What is the maximum return? Show your work and explanations setting this problem up. Variables should clearly be defined. Show all your work.

2.

Optimizing economic agents use the real interest rate when thinking about the economic costs and returns of a loan. Suppose the average rate paid by banks on savings accounts is 0.45% at a time when infialion is around 0 9% For the average saver, the real rate of interest on his or her savings is % (Round your response to two decimal places and use a minus sign if necessay.) Il banks expect that the rate of inflation in the coming year will be 3.9% and they want a real return of 8% on a certain category of loans, then the nominal rate they should charge borrowers on those loans is %. (Round your response to two decimal places) 11 the economy experiences an unexpectedly high rate of inflation, the group that would tend to benefit is O A. creditors (people or institutions that are owed money). O B. deblors (pcople or businesses who owe moncy). OC. both would benefit cgqually O D. neilher bencfits.

Use the following to answer questions 3-4: Use balance sheet available for an FI (all in market values). Consumer loans $150 m Liabilities $300 m Commercial Loans $250 m Equity $100 m Total Assets $400 m Total Liabilities & Equity $400 m The average duration of the loans is 8 years. The average duration of the liabilities is 2 years. 3. What is the duration gap of the bank's portfolio? A. 10 years B. 6.3 years C. 6.5 years D. 7.98 years E. 8.0 years   4. What is the change in the value of the FI's equity for a 1 percent increase in interest rates from the current rates of 0.07 (1.e., 7 percent)? Assume flat term structure, and parallel shifts in yield curves. Use the duration concept. A. $17.30987 m B. $19.51818 m C. -S 22.59093 m D. -$23.11114 m E. - $24.29906 m