Assume a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe, and that the density parameters for matter radiation, and the cosmological constant are given today by 2,0 = 0.4, rad,0 = 0.01, and 4,0 = 0.59, respectively. a) Calculate the redshifts for matter-radiation and matter-dark energy equality. b) State what effect the lower ratio of 1,0/m,0, compared to the standard A-CDM cosmology has on structure formation.

With the aid of a diagram, explain the physical origin of cosmological redshift in an expanding universe, and how this differs from the Doppler shift due to relative motion. Observations of distantgalaxies indicate that their recession velocities, v, and their distances, d, follow a Hubble Law:v = H0d, where H0 is a constant. Using the analogy of an expanding grid or ruler, demonstratethat Hubble’s Law indicates that the Universe is undergoing uniform expansion.

To measure the muon magnetic moment a 2.9-T uniform magnetic field is used. How much energy is stored in the field if the experimental chamber where the field is created has dimensions of 65 cm×35 cm×60 cm?   The energy, ? How long will it take to “switch on” the field if the experiment uses a 1.5-kW power supply? Time ?

In Chapter 7 we discussed the need for the addition of the cosmological constant A to the Einstein Field Equations and further to our derived equations. iii. Starting with the fluid equation, show that the pressure exerted due to the cosmological constant is PA = -Pac? (Recall that we define an energy density due to the cosmological constant as the following scaled parameter PA = THIS IS A COSMOLOGY QUESTION!!!!!!!!