Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
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**Assigning Stereochemical Configurations (R/S) to the Chiral Carbon** In the illustrated molecule, we are tasked with assigning the stereochemical configurations (R/S) to the chiral carbon. Here’s a description of the molecule structure: - The central **Carbon (C)** atom is shown in grey, representing the chiral center. - Attached to this chiral carbon are four different groups: - **Hydrogen (H)** is represented by a white sphere. - **Chlorine (Cl)** is represented by a green sphere. - **Methyl group (CH₃)** is represented by a purple sphere. - **Ethyl group (CH₂CH₃)** is represented by a red sphere. **Explanation of Molecular Geometry:** The molecular structure is in a three-dimensional configuration, where the different colored spheres indicate various atoms or groups attached to the chiral center. By applying the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules, one can determine whether the configuration around the chiral center is R (rectus, Latin for right) or S (sinister, Latin for left). These rules rank substituents based on atomic number and allow us to assign priorities that facilitate the determination of stereochemical configuration. Remember to view the molecule such that the group with the lowest priority (usually hydrogen) is directed away from you to apply these rules accurately.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Assigning Stereochemical Configurations (R/S) to the Chiral Carbon** In the illustrated molecule, we are tasked with assigning the stereochemical configurations (R/S) to the chiral carbon. Here’s a description of the molecule structure: - The central **Carbon (C)** atom is shown in grey, representing the chiral center. - Attached to this chiral carbon are four different groups: - **Hydrogen (H)** is represented by a white sphere. - **Chlorine (Cl)** is represented by a green sphere. - **Methyl group (CH₃)** is represented by a purple sphere. - **Ethyl group (CH₂CH₃)** is represented by a red sphere. **Explanation of Molecular Geometry:** The molecular structure is in a three-dimensional configuration, where the different colored spheres indicate various atoms or groups attached to the chiral center. By applying the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules, one can determine whether the configuration around the chiral center is R (rectus, Latin for right) or S (sinister, Latin for left). These rules rank substituents based on atomic number and allow us to assign priorities that facilitate the determination of stereochemical configuration. Remember to view the molecule such that the group with the lowest priority (usually hydrogen) is directed away from you to apply these rules accurately.
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