As shown in the figure, the S steel cylinder is inside the hollow C copper tube has been placed. Cylinder and tube P compression using rigid plates in a test device has been exposed to the force. Cross-sectional area of steel cylinder As and modulus of elasticity Es, The cross-sectional area of the copper tube is Ac and the modulus of elasticity Ec, the length of the cylinder and the tube as L. given. (25P). a) The compression forces Ps in the steel cylinder and Pc in the copper tube, b) The compression stresses σs and σc corresponding to these forces, c) Find the amount of shortening δ.
Design Against Fluctuating Loads
Machine elements are subjected to varieties of loads, some components are subjected to static loads, while some machine components are subjected to fluctuating loads, whose load magnitude tends to fluctuate. The components of a machine, when rotating at a high speed, are subjected to a high degree of load, which fluctuates from a high value to a low value. For the machine elements under the action of static loads, static failure theories are applied to know the safe and hazardous working conditions and regions. However, most of the machine elements are subjected to variable or fluctuating stresses, due to the nature of load that fluctuates from high magnitude to low magnitude. Also, the nature of the loads is repetitive. For instance, shafts, bearings, cams and followers, and so on.
Design Against Fluctuating Load
Stress is defined as force per unit area. When there is localization of huge stresses in mechanical components, due to irregularities present in components and sudden changes in cross-section is known as stress concentration. For example, groves, keyways, screw threads, oil holes, splines etc. are irregularities.
- As shown in the figure, the S steel cylinder is inside the hollow C copper tube has been placed. Cylinder and tube P compression using rigid plates in a test device has been exposed to the force. Cross-sectional area of steel cylinder As and modulus of elasticity Es, The cross-sectional area of the copper tube is Ac and the modulus of elasticity Ec, the length of the cylinder and the tube as L. given. (25P). a) The compression forces Ps in the steel cylinder and Pc in the copper tube, b) The compression stresses σs and σc corresponding to these forces, c) Find the amount of shortening δ.
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