APPENDIX C Thermodynamic Quantitles for Selected Substances at 298.15 K (25 "C) 1091 дн; (kj/mol) AG; S* S° дн AG; (kj/mol) -245.6 (kj/mol) (i/mol-K) Substance Substance (i/mol-K) (kj/mol) Vanadium SOCI (1) H,S(8) H2SO4(aq) H,SO,(1) 205.6 20.1 182.2 -20.17 -33.01 514.2 453.1 V(g) V(s) -909.3 -744.5 28.9 156.1 -689.9 -814.0 Zinc Titanium 130.7 95.2 160.9 Zn(g) Ti(g) Ti(s) 468 180.3 422 41.63 Zn(s) ZnCl,(s) ZnO(s) -369.4 -415.1 111.5 30.76 -763.2 -726.8 354.9 TICL4(8) TICI4(1) TIO2(s) -318.2 -348.0 43.9 -804.2 -728.1 221.9 -889.4 50.29 -944.7

Use the standard reaction enthalpies given below to determine AH°rxn for the following reaction: Given: S(s) + 3/2 O2(g) → SO3(g) SO ₂(g) →S(s) + O₂(g) 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g) AHᵒrn = ? AHᵒrn = +297 kJ AH rxn-198 kJ

10. The following molar enthalpies of formation are given in kJ/mol: AHP[C;Hs(g)] = -104; AHP[CO2(g)] = -394; AHP[H;O(g)] = -242. (a) Calculate the molar heat of combustion of propane (C;Hs) according to the following equation: C;Hs(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g); (b) How many grams of propane gas must be combusted to provide enough thermal energy to heat 1.00 kg water from 22.0°C to 100.0°C? (Specific heat of water = 4.184 J/mol.K)

55. Does the standard enthalpy of formation of H2O(g) differ from ΔH° for the reaction 2H2(g)+O2(g)⟶2H2O(g)?

10. Bacteria sour wines and beers by converting ethanol, C₂H5OH, into acetic acid, CH₂COOH. Assume that the reaction is C₂H5OH(1) + O₂(g) → CH₂COOH() + H₂O(1) The standard molar enthalpies of combustion of ethanol and acetic acid to produce liquid water are, respectively, - 1367 kJ/mol and -875 kJ/mol. Write chemical equations for the combustions, and use Hess' law to determine the standard enthalpy change for the conversion of ethanol to acetic acid.

When 0.430 g of biphenyl (C12H10)(  undergoes combustion in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature rises from 26.8 ∘C to 29.7 ∘C   Find  ΔErxn for the combustion of biphenyl. The heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter, determined in a separate experiment, is 5.86 kJ/∘C Express the energy in kilojoules per mole to three significant figures.

Gasoline is composed primarily of hydrocarbons, includingmany with eight carbon atoms, called octanes. One ofthe cleanest–burning octanes is a compound called 2,3,4-trimethylpentane, which has the following structural formula: The complete combustion of one mole of this compoundto CO21g2 and H2O1g2 leads to ΔH° = -5064.9 kJ.(a) Write a balanced equation for the combustion of1 mol of C8H181l2. (b) By using the information inthis problem and data in Table 5.3, calculate ΔHf° for2,3,4-trimethylpentane.

use the standard reaction enthalpies given below to determine ▲H°rxn for the following reaction (see image)

4. What mass of propane must be burned to supply 700. kJ as heat? The thermochemical equation for the combustion of propane is: C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 4H₂O(1) AH°-2220. kJ

Consider the combustion of propane: C3H (9) + 50, (9)→ 3CO, (9) + 4H2 O(1) AH = -2221 kJ A balloon is being inflated to its full extent by heating the air inside it. In the final stages of this process, the volume of the balloon changes from 4.00 x 10° L to 4.50 x 10° L by the addition of 1.4 x 10 J energy as heat. Assume that all the heat comes from the combustion of propane. What mass of propane must be burned to furnish this amount of energy assuming the heat transfer process is 50.% efficient? Mass =