**ECG Analysis Instructions** 1. Identify and color the following in the ECG image below: - Three P waves (color blue) - Three QRS complexes (color green) - Three T waves (color a different blue) - Three PR segments (color red) - Three ST segments (color purple) - Two full TP segments (color pink) - Two RR intervals (color brown) *(The RR interval indicates the time for one heartbeat. The RR interval is measured from the peak of one QRS to the peak of the next QRS).* **Graph/Diagram Explanation** The ECG image displays a standard electrocardiogram reading plotted on graph paper. Key components include: - **P Wave**: The first small upward deflection, representing atrial depolarization. - **QRS Complex**: The sharp, tall upward and downward deflections following the P wave, indicating ventricular depolarization. - **T Wave**: The moderate upward deflection after the QRS complex, representing ventricular repolarization. - **PR Segment**: The flat line between the end of the P wave and the start of the QRS complex. - **ST Segment**: The flat line following the QRS complex and before the T wave. - **TP Segment**: The flat line between the T wave and the next P wave. - **RR Interval**: The time between consecutive QRS complexes, used to measure heart rate stability.

Answer using the ecg graph

You are presented with a stack of ECGs on your fist day of your cardiology rotation and are given a single instruction: “read them”. As you progress through the pile, you note the following abnormalities. Explain form where in the heart of the cardiac conduction system each abnormality might have come: Absent P waves Abnormally long QRS complex Abnormally long P-R interval Extra QRS complex

1. rhythm regular or irregular2. determine the heart rate3. do you have p waves before every QRS4. Measure the PR interval5. Measure the QRS duration6. Are there any early or extra beats7. is there normal r wave progression in V1-V6?8. Are the ST segments elevated or depressed?9. Are there any abnormal Q waves?10. Are the T waves of normal size?11. Are there any U waves?12. Is there evidence of myocardial ischemia, injury, or infarction?13. Name this EKG.

Match the area where blood will flow within the heart during systole (1 point) If blood is in the right atria during diastole, during systole it will move to: If blood is in the right ventricle during diastole, during systole it will move to: If blood is in the left atria during diastole, during systole it will move to: If blood is in the left ventricle during diastole, during systole it will move to: Choose... Choose... The Systemic circulation (body) The Right Ventricle The Pulmonary Circuit The Left Ventricle Choose... ÷ +

2.A. 1. 2. 3. 4. |||| ential (mv) 13. State the channels involved in an action potential in cardiac AUTORHYTHMIC cells, which ion moves across the channel, which direction each ion moves across the channel when the channel opens, the approximate membrane potential at which the channel is fully open. +20 !!| CE - | Channel AaBbCcDdEe AaBbCcD. AaBBCEDE Aal Emphasis Heading 1 Normal lon? Influx or Efflux? 14. Define the term pacemaker potential (=drifting potential) and be able to identify it when given a graph of an action potential in an autorhythmic cell such as the one below. I Membrane Potential at which channel opens or is fully open (mv)

What is RBBB (right bundle branch block) and brugada syndrom through ECG (Electrocardiography) and clinical presentations?

Indicate whether each of the following variables has a direct or inverse relationship to Cardiac Output.

b. Zone of injury Zone of necrosis/infarction a Zone of hypoxia 11. Which of the following statements about right and left ventricular failure is/are CORRECT? b. Pulmmonary hypertension leads to right ventricular failure. Jugular vein distension is a sign of right ventricular failure. c. d. Left ventricular failure leads to pulmonary edema. Left ventricular failure is a common cause of right ventricular failure. a. 1. e. All of the above are CORRECT. 12. One of the treatment for coronary artery discase is with aspirin, as it inhibits activity of enzyme responsible for platelet aggregation a. b. it stimulates activity of enzyme responsible for platelet aggregation C the drug itself is a vasodilator.

point 1: 70/40 mm Hg point 2: 90/60 mm Hg point 3: 150/105 mm HG a.) Which point likely represents the blood pressure at the aorta? explain b.) Why would the pulmonary artery pressure be less than the pressure at the aorta? c.) How does blood pressure change as one moves further away from the heart? why?