What are the receptive field characteristics of cortical neurons in layer 3 of the primary visual cortex (V1)? a. Optimally responsive to facial features. b. Optimally responsive to specifically-oriented bars of light. c. Optimally responsive to small spots of light. d. All of the above. e. Optimally responsive to hand features.

relays visual infomation from retina to V1                                                             detects increases in temperature                                                             mediates inflammatory pain and itch                                                             control of distal muscles a. lateral geniculate nucleus b. transient receptor potential (TRPV) channels c. histamine d. corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts

Which of the following is correct about the lateral occipital complex (LOC) in object perception?   a. It is more closely related to the semantic encoding during object perception   b. It is more medial in anatomical location in comparison to the FFA and PPA   c. It responds more to real than made-up objects   d. It shows greater response when viewing objects (from various categories) in comparison to viewing textures   e. Its response reduces when the same object is repeated in a different view (i.e., it is viewpoint insensitive)

Describe the P pathway from retina to higher visual processing areas. What type of visual information is this pathway involved in processing?