An organization is given a block of addresses and one of the addresses in the block is 8.16.32.64/27. You need to create four variable length subnets: one subnet of 60 addresses, one subnet of 30 addresses, and one subnet of 12 addresses and one subnet of 12 addresses. Design the subnets by finding the subnet mask, the first address and the last address for each subnet. Also identify the range of addresses left unused.

An administrator would like to subnet the address 192.168.45.0/24 into 4 subnets with each subnet consisting of 45 usable host addresses. Use the following subnet table for the calculation and answer the below given questions. SUBNET TABLE: (Students can make a similar table on a paper for completing the calculation) First Usable Last Usable Broadcast Subnet NumberSubnet Address Subnet Mask Host Address Host Address Address 1 2 3 4 A. What is the broadcast address of the first subnet? B. What is the first usable host address of the second subnet? C. What is the last usable host address of the third subnet? D. What is the custom subnet mask? Note: Write down your answers in the table given below A- B I Q. No Answer A B

Consider the following virtual circuit network with three reserved virtual circuits: уC1: H1, А, С, Е, Н2 VC2: H3, A, F, D, H4 ус3: НЗ, А, F, D, E, H2 Host H4 Host H3 Нost H2 Host H1 Draw the routing table of router D and the routing table of router C. *you may design a table using the HTML editor or write the content of routing table record by record (record per line).

Q.3 In network programming, structs are often used to represent protocol headers due to their ability to neatly encapsulate various types of data. (a) Define a struct named ProtocolHeader with the following fields to mimic a network protocol header: " version (unsigned integer, 4 bits) IHL (Internet Header Length, unsigned integer, 4 bits) typeOfService (unsigned integer, 8 bits) totalLength (unsigned integer, 16 bits) identification (unsigned integer, 16 bits) flags (unsigned integer, 3 bits) fragmentOffset (unsigned integer, 13 bits) timeToLive (unsigned integer, 8 bits) protocol (unsigned integer, 8 bits) headerChecksum (unsigned integer, 16 bits)

An organization is granted a block of addresses with the beginning address 32.15.89.0/24. The organization needs to have 3 subblocks of addresses to use in its three subnets as shown below: a. One subblock of 117 addresses. c. One subblock of 27 addresses. b. One subblock of 58 addresses.Design the subblocks and give the slash notation for each subblock.

C Programming:  Write a program that optionally accepts an address and a port from the command line. If there is no address and port on the command line, it should create a TCP socket and print the address (i.e. server mode). You can choose any port number for your server (>1024). If there is an address and port, it should connect to it (i.e., client mode). Once the connections are set up, each side should enter a loop of receive, print what it received, then send a message. The ping from the client should be sent before entering that loop to start the process. Otherwise both sides will sit and listen without getting anything. The message should be ping from the client and a pong from the server. In order to test this on one machine, you will need to run the same program twice (in two separate terminals). Run first in server mode, then run in client mode using the information printed from the server as your command line arguments. This is the output it must print out: Running…