An industry said to be characterized by monopolistic competition is the apparel industry. Suppose you were hired as a consultant by a firm in this industry. How would you advise the firm as to the levels of output, price, input usage, and advertising? What problems might the firm encounter
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- Monopolistic competition creates inefficiency because of the markups and excess capacity. The graph below depicts the situation for a hypothetical monopolistically competitive firm. The curves included in the graph are demand (D), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and marginal cost (MC). The graph is not graded, but you can move the point labeled P to help you find the numeric values to answer the questions. Price $ 80 MC M 45 P D ATC Quantity What is the size of the markup on the price? Number $0 What is the size of the excess capacity? Number UnitsAssume the figure on the right shows the cost structure for a monopolistically competitive firm selling a particular brand of shoes. MC is the marginal cost curve and AC is the average cost curve. If this firm produces 2 thousand pairs of shoes, does it minimize average cost? How much more would they need to produce to reach minimum average cost? The firm needs to produce an additional thousand pairs of shoes to reach minimum average cost. (Enter your response as an integer.) SEED Price (dollars per pair) 80- 72- 64- 56- 48- 40- 32- 24- 16- 8- 0- 0 1 Quantity (in thousands) MC AG 10 Q 20The diagram above represents a monopolistically competitive firm. Answer the questions below. Is this firm operating in the short-run or long-run? How do you know? Calculate this firm’s accounting profit. From the diagram, what is the productively efficient output for this firm? From the diagram, economies of scale are maximized at which output level? Explain. From the diagram, what is the allocatively efficient output for this firm? Explain.
- Monopolistic competition creates inefficiency because of the Price markups and excess capacity. The graph depicts the situation $100 for a hypothetical monopolistically competitive firm. The 90 curves included in the graph are demand (D), marginal 80 revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and marginal cost ATC (MC). Use the graph to find the requested values. 70 60 What is the size of the markup on the price? 50 40 markup: $ 30 What is the size of the excess capacity? 20 MC MR 10 units excess capacity: 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 100 QuantitySuppose you operate in a monopoly environment and you set your price in order to achieve maximum profits. Is your demand elastic, unitary elastic, or inelastic? Does your answer change if you were in a monopolistically competitive market? What happens to the elasticity when you go from a monopolistic market to a monopolistically competitive one? Explain and give an example.Your friend Stan owns a coffee shop in a monopolistically competitive industry. One day, Stan tells you (an economist) that he is earning an economic profit and is setting his price equal to his marginal cost. Is Stan producing the profit-maximizing amount of coffee? What should he do?
- You are hired as a consultant to a monopolistically competitive firm. The firm reports the following information about its price, marginal cost, and average total cost. Can the firm possibly be maximizing profit? If not, what should it do to increase profit? If the firm is maximizing profit, is the market in a long-run equilibrium? If not, what will happen to restore long-run equilibrium? P < MC, P > ATC P > MC, P < ATC P = MC, P > ATC P > MC, P = ATCFRONT PAGE Pricing Disney+ Disney decided it wanted to provide streaming services directly to customers, rather than renting its library of films and television shows to other streaming services like Netflix. But how successful would a streaming service be? In other words, what did the demand for a "Disney+" streaming service look like? Disney knew that the number of subscribers would depend not just on the attractiveness of the Disney archives, but also on the subscription price. After doing some market research, Disney decided to launch Disney+ at a price of $6.99 a month (or $69.99 per year). When Disney+ was launched on November 12, 2019, 10 million people signed up on the first day-a resounding success! Source: News reports, October-December 2019. Suppose Disney+ changes its monthly subscription price from $7 to $9 per month. Graphically show the impact of this price change in the following markets: a. Popcorn, pizza, and other movie snacksSuppose you manage a local grocery store, and you learn that a very popular national grocery chain is about to open a store just a few miles away. Use the model of monopolistic competition to analyze the impact of this new store on the quantity of output your store should produce (Q) and the price your store should charge (P). What will happen to your profits? Explain your reasoning in detail. How and why do profits change? What could you do to defend your market share against the new store?
- When oil prices increased 10 fold during the 1973 – 80 energy crisis, many oil companies made huge profits. During this energy crisis, Congress considered imposing an “excess profits” tax on oil companies. If you were in Congress, would you vote for such a tax? Do unexpected monopolistic profits serve any useful function in a market economy?The diagram above shows a monopolistically competitive firm in the long run. Answer the questions below. Using the points displayed on the diagram, name the rectangular area that represents the profit or loss. What should the firm do regarding price and/or quantity to minimize its losses?How do the results of a competitive industry compare with that of a monopolistic industry?
