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Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696527
Author: J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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
Transcribed Image Text:4.45. An evaporation-crystallization process of the type described in Example 4.5-2 is used to obtain solid
potassium sulfate from an aqueous solution of this salt. The fresh feed to the process contains
19.6 wt% K₂SO4. The wet filter cake consists of solid K₂SO4 crystals and a 40.0 wt% K₂SO4
solution, in a ratio 10 kg crystals/kg solution. The filtrate, also a 40.0% solution, is recycled to join
the fresh feed. Of the water fed to the evaporator, 45.0% is evaporated. The evaporator has a
maximum capacity of 175 kg water evaporated/s.
(a) Assume the process is operating at maximum capacity. Draw and label a flowchart and do the
degree-of-freedom analysis for the overall system, the recycle-fresh feed mixing point, the
evaporator, and the crystallizer. Then write in an efficient order (minimizing simultaneous
equations) the equations you would solve to determine all unknown stream variables. In each
equation, circle the variable for which you would solve, but don't do the calculations.
(b) Calculate the maximum production rate of solid K₂SO4, the rate at which fresh feed must be
supplied to achieve this production rate, and the ratio kg recycle/kg fresh feed.
(c) Calculate the composition and feed rate of the stream entering the crystallizer if the process is
scaled to 75% of its maximum capacity.
(d) The wet filter cake is subjected to another operation after leaving the filter. Suggest what it might
be. Also, list what you think the principal operating costs for this process might be.
(e) Use an equation-solving computer program to solve the equations derived in Part (a). Verify that
you get the same solutions determined in Part (b).
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