An article in Plant Disease, "Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Rates on Severity of Xanthomonas Blight of Syngonium Podophyllum" (1989, Vol. 73, No. 12, pp. 972-975) showed the effect of the variable nitrogen and potassium rates on the growth o "White Butterfly" and the mean percentage of disease. Data representative of that collected in this experiment is provided in the following table. Potassium (mg/pot/wk) Nitrogen (mg/pot/wk) 30 90 120 50 60.8 60.8 45.5 43.0 60.0 58.4 150 54.4 56.1 53.8 51.6 34.5 35.5 250 42.9 40.0 36.1 37.9 33.0 33.3 (a) Use the analysis of variance to test the appropriate hypotheses with a = 0.05.
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- Blood cocaine concentration (mg/L) was determinedboth for a sample of individuals who had died fromcocaine-induced excited delirium (ED) and for a sampleof those who had died from a cocaine overdose withoutexcited delirium; survival time for people in bothgroups was at most 6 hours. The accompanying datawas read from a comparative boxplot in the article“Fatal Excited Delirium Following Cocaine Use” (J.of Forensic Sciences, 1997: 25–31). ED 0 0 0 0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .3 .3.3 .4 .5 .7 .8 1.0 1.5 2.7 2.83.5 4.0 8.9 9.2 11.7 21.0Non-ED 0 0 0 0 0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2.3 .3 .3 .4 .5 .5 .6 .8 .9 1.01.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 3.2 3.5 4.14.3 4.8 5.0 5.6 5.9 6.0 6.4 7.98.3 8.7 9.1 9.6 9.9 11.0 11.512.2 12.7 14.0 16.6 17.8 a. Determine the medians, fourths, and fourth spreadsfor the two samples.b. Are there any outliers in either sample? Any extremeoutliers?c. Construct a comparative boxplot, and use it as abasis for comparing and contrasting the ED andnon-ED samples.The table below is from a study called “The Epidemiology of Social Stress.” The researchers in this study conduct a series of statistical tests to shed light on the association between social status variables (IVs) and depression (DVs). The left-hand column shows the tests for mean depressive symptom scores (Number of symptoms reported [range:0-50], higher levels indicate higher number of reported depressive symptoms) by sex, age, marital status, and occupational prestige. The right-hand column shows the tests for prevalence of major depressive disorder (has major depression=1; does not have major depression=0), broken down by sex, age, marital status, and occupational prestige. Examine the table and answer questions a)At alpha=.05, what can you conclude about the association between marital status and mean depressive symptom scores? Briefly summarize the findings, and provide a plausible, logical explanation (theory) for the observed association (or lack thereof). b)At alpha =.001,…The data in the attached image represents blood pressure based on a new trial medication used in an experiment involving a total of 50 male and female subjects. There were two levels of treatment: 0 = placebo and 1 = treatment group. Family History Blood Pressure = Fam-Hist-BP; from the paternal side = PS; from the maternal side = MS; from both sides = BS; none on both sides or not known = N.; Blood pressure before the experiment = BP-Before-Exp; Blood pressure after the experiment = BP-After-Exp. Task: Find the mean and standard deviation for the family history group, the before treatment group, and the after treatment group.
- The data in the attached image represents blood pressure based on a new trial medication used in an experiment involving a total of 50 male and female subjects. There were two levels of treatment: 0 = placebo and 1 = treatment group. Family History Blood Pressure = Fam-Hist-BP; from the paternal side = PS; from the maternal side = MS; from both sides = BS; none on both sides or not known = N.; Blood pressure before the experiment = BP-Before-Exp; Blood pressure after the experiment = BP-After-Exp. Task: Construct a side-by-side boxplot to compare the variables BP-Before-Exp and BP-After-Exp.The data in the attached image represents blood pressure based on a new trial medication used in an experiment involving a total of 50 male and female subjects. There were two levels of treatment: 0 = placebo and 1 = treatment group. Family History Blood Pressure = Fam-Hist-BP; from the paternal side = PS; from the maternal side = MS; from both sides = BS; none on both sides or not known = N.; Blood pressure before the experiment = BP-Before-Exp; Blood pressure after the experiment = BP-After-Exp. Task: Construct a scatterplot to display the relationship and find the correlation between age and BP-Before Exp.The data in the attached image represents blood pressure based on a new trial medication used in an experiment involving a total of 50 male and female subjects. There were two levels of treatment: 0 = placebo and 1 = treatment group. Family History Blood Pressure = Fam-Hist-BP; from the paternal side = PS; from the maternal side = MS; from both sides = BS; none on both sides or not known = N.; Blood pressure before the experiment = BP-Before-Exp; Blood pressure after the experiment = BP-After-Exp. Task: Construct a histogram to represent the family BP history, the subjects' BP before treatment and the subjects' BP after treatment.
- Lead in Medicine Listed below are the lead concentrations (in μ g/g) measured in different Ayurveda medicines. Ayurveda is a traditional medical system commonly used in India. The lead concentrations listed here are from medicines manufactured in the United States (based on data from “Lead, Mercury, and Arsenic in US and Indian Manufactured Ayurvedic Medicines Sold via the Internet,” by Saper et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 300, No. 8). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the mean lead concentration for all such medicines is less than 14 μ g/g.Anemia (low healthy blood cells or hemoglobin) has an important role in exercise performance. However, the direct link between rapid changes of hemoglobin and exercise performance is still unknown. A study investigated 18 patients with a blood disorder (beta-thalassemia). Participants in the study performed an exercise test before and the day after receiving a blood transfusion. Data are given in the table. HB = Hemoglobin RER = Respiratory exchange ID Change in HB Obese RER > 1.1 ratio No No 1 -1.4 No -1.5 No Yes No Yes 3 -2 No 4 -2.1 No -1.9 Yes Yes No -1.6 -1.8 -0.8 6 7 No Yes No Yes 8 9. -1 No No -1.2 No Yes 10 11 No No -0.8 -1.5 12 Yes No No Yes 13 14 -1.4 -2.6 -1.7 No No Yes Yes 15 Yes No Yes Yes 16 -2.6 No 17 18 -2.7 -1.5 NoAn article in Environment International ["influence of Water Temperature and Shower Head Office Size on the release Radon During Showering" (1992, Vol. 18(4)] described an experiment in which the amount of radon released in showers was imvestigated. Radon-enriched water was used in the experiment, and six different orifice diameters were tested in shower heads. The data from the experiment are shown in the following table. 5. Orifice Diameter 0.37 0.51 0.71 1.02 Radon Released () 83 75 73 72 83 85 79 79 74 76 77 67 74 74 1.40 62 62 67 69 1.99 60 64 66 (a) Does the size of the orifice affect the mean percentage of radon released? Use a=0.05. (b) Find a 95% confidence interval on the mean percent of radon released when the orifice diameter is 1.40.
- Children of Diabetic Mothers. Samples of adolescent offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM) and nondiabetic mothers (ONM) were taken by N. Cho et al. and evaluated for potential differences in vital measurements, including blood pressure and glucose tolerance. The study was published in the paper “Correlations Between the Intrauterine Metabolic Environment and Blood Pressure in Adolescent Offspring of Diabetic Mothers” (Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 136, Issue 5, pp. 587–592). A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether the mean systolic blood pressure of ODM adolescents exceeds that of ONM adolescents. a. identify the variable. b. identify the two populations. c. determine the null and alternative hypotheses. d. classify the hypothesis test as two tailed, left tailed, or right tailed.“Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke. 1. Construct a confidence interval estimate of the difference betwen the mean continen levels fo the two groups of nonsmokers. What confidence level would be appropriate? 2. Find the margin of error E using the formula. 3. What is the confidence interval? Explain the meaning of the confidence interal and what the limit represents.A study was made of 413 children who were hospitalized as a result of motor vehicle crashes. Among 290 children who were not using seat belts, 60 were injured severely. Among 123 children using seat belts, 16 were injured severely (based on data from "Morbidity Among Pediatric Motor Vehicle Crash Victims: The Effectiveness of Seat Belts," by Osberg and Di Scala, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 82, No. 3). For this problem we want to know, is there sufficient sample evidence to conclude, at the 0.05 significance level, that the proportion of severe injuries is higher for children not wearing seat belts? Let pi be the proportion of severe injuries among all children not wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes. Let p2 be the proportion of severe injuries among all children wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes. Which is the proper expression of Ho? Pi = P2 O Pi P2 Which is the proper expression of H1? O pi P2 Calculate p1 to 4 decimal places: Calculate p,…