Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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### Buffer Solution Calculation

**Problem:**
An aqueous solution contains 0.31 M hypochlorous acid.

**Objective:**
One liter of this solution could be converted into a buffer by the addition of:
*(Assume that the volume remains constant as each substance is added.)*

**Question:** 
*Select all that apply.*

**Options:**
- [ ] 0.32 mol NaClO
- [ ] 0.08 mol Ca(OH)₂
- [ ] 0.15 mol HClO₄
- [ ] 0.31 mol NaI
- [ ] 0.32 mol HClO₄

**Explanation:**
For creating a buffer solution, we need to add a substance that will react with the hypochlorous acid (a weak acid) to form its conjugate base. This will create a buffer system that resists changes in pH.

**Analysis:**
- NaClO (Sodium hypochlorite): It will provide the ClO⁻ ions necessary to form the conjugate base with hypochlorous acid.
- Ca(OH)₂ (Calcium hydroxide): It will increase the pH and could react with the hypochlorous acid.
- HClO₄ (Perchloric acid, shown twice with different amounts): Adding more strong acid will not help create a buffer with the hypochlorous acid.
- NaI (Sodium iodide): Adding this salt does not contribute to forming a buffer system with hypochlorous acid.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Buffer Solution Calculation **Problem:** An aqueous solution contains 0.31 M hypochlorous acid. **Objective:** One liter of this solution could be converted into a buffer by the addition of: *(Assume that the volume remains constant as each substance is added.)* **Question:** *Select all that apply.* **Options:** - [ ] 0.32 mol NaClO - [ ] 0.08 mol Ca(OH)₂ - [ ] 0.15 mol HClO₄ - [ ] 0.31 mol NaI - [ ] 0.32 mol HClO₄ **Explanation:** For creating a buffer solution, we need to add a substance that will react with the hypochlorous acid (a weak acid) to form its conjugate base. This will create a buffer system that resists changes in pH. **Analysis:** - NaClO (Sodium hypochlorite): It will provide the ClO⁻ ions necessary to form the conjugate base with hypochlorous acid. - Ca(OH)₂ (Calcium hydroxide): It will increase the pH and could react with the hypochlorous acid. - HClO₄ (Perchloric acid, shown twice with different amounts): Adding more strong acid will not help create a buffer with the hypochlorous acid. - NaI (Sodium iodide): Adding this salt does not contribute to forming a buffer system with hypochlorous acid.
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