An antiviral drug that is a guianine analog would have an antiviral mode of action that: a) blocks penetration b) blocks DNA replication c) inhibits peptidoglycan cross linking d) blocks maturation e) bonds to ergosterol in the cell membrane
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An antiviral drug that is a guianine analog would have an antiviral mode of action that:
a) blocks penetration
b) blocks
c) inhibits peptidoglycan cross linking
d) blocks maturation
e) bonds to ergosterol in the cell membrane
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- Which statement among A-D is false regarding bacterial toxins? A) O Hemolysıns are cell membrane disrupters that can rupture red blood cells. B) O Second mesengar pathway disrupters like cholera toxin produces a debilitating respiratory condition of the lungs. C) O Shiga toxin, tetanus toxin, and hemolysins are all types of exotoxins. D) O Superantigens elicit a hyperactive response by the immune system and can lead to shock. E) O None are false, A-D are all true statements.Most antiviral drugs: a) damage the cell wall b) are nucleoside analogs c) are enzymes inhibitors d) prevent viruses from entering cells e) damage the plasma membraneActinomycin D is an inhibitor ofa) Transcriptionb) Translationc) Replicationd) None
- forskolin is a drug used by scientists to render adenylyl cyclase (AC) constitutively (always) active. What will this do to: a) PKA levels? b) IP3 levels? O a) increase PKA b) no effect on IP3 O a) no effect on PKA b) increase IP3 O a) no effect on PKA b) no effect on IP3 O a) increase PKA b) increase IP3Grisofulvin is an antifungal agent that affects: select the correct answer. a) the chitin cell wall structure b) ergosterol in the cell membrane c) the formation of the mitotic spindle in mitosis d) the 50s ribosomal subunit and thus protein synthesis e) mRNA synthesisWhich antiretroviral drug class does Zidovudine (AZT) belong to? a) Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) b) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) c) Protease inhibitors d) Integrase inhibitors
- Which of the following statements about antibiotics is TRUE? a) Antibiotics are used to disinfect bench tops.b) An antibiotic is a type of antiseptic.c) Some antibiotics inhibit the growth of a pathogen and do not kill it.d) Some antibiotics work by binding the 40S ribosomal subunit.e) Antibiotics are used to treat fungal infections.Bacteriophage entry into a host cell involves: a) Endocytosis Ob) Membrane fusion c) Direct injection of genomic material d) Budding e) Host cell lysisWhy are nucleotide or nucleoside analogs effective as drugs? a) act as competitive inhibitor b) mimic functions of DNA or RNA components c) targets the cell wall
- All of the following can be side effects of antimicrobialagents EXCEPT:(a) “Superinfections” can occur with new pathogens whendefensive capacity of normal flora is destroyed(b) Host toxicity(c) Disruption of normal microflora in host(d) Host allergic reaction(e) Host “superimmunity”Introduction: There’s quite a bit of interest around repurposing extant drugs to treat infections by targeting host pathways that pathogens rely on. Here are a few potential drugs: 1) A drug that inhibits endocytosis, but not phagocytosis. 2) A drug that inhibits degradation of cytoplasmic proteins into smaller peptides, preventing their cycling back into amino acids. 3) A drug used to treat porphyria that reduces the reactivity of heme. 4) A drug that depletes glutathione, a chemical which protects red blood cells against the reactivity of heme. 5) A drug that reduces expression of the ACE-2 protein. Question: Pick a drug and an infection that the drug is likely to be good at treating, or pick an infection and a drug that would most likely make the infection substantially worse. Which drug and pathogen did you pick? Do you think it’ll make it better or worse?The ribosome is the target for many important antibiotics. These drugs must discriminate between bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes to achieve drug specificity and toxicity. For the two common antibiotics below, what is their mechanism of action and why are they more toxic to bacteria than eukaryotes? a) Tetracycline b) Erythromycin