An aluminum film was deposited at a rate of 1 μm/min in vacuum at 25 °C. It was found that the oxygen content in the film was 0.01 at% (remember that is only O). What was the total air pressure in the system (assuming air is 20% O2)?

Q: ..An experiment is conducted to determine the variation of the diffusion coefficient as a function…

A: Answer: The value for the activation energy Qd (eV/atom) based on the experimental data is 0.232…

Q: Calculate the diffusion coefficient for the interdiffusion of Zinc into Copper at  500 °C .

A: Required data from the standard table for the diffusion of zinc into copper.

Q: currence of stress concentration (Kt) in a machine element.Include pictures and their equatio

A:

Q: A student performing this lab experiment receives his unknown solution that may contain ( Ba, Ca and…

A: Under Qualitative analysis, we ca determine the cations; From the given cations Ba2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+.…

Q: why diffusion coefficient of caarbon inBCC and FCC iron at temperature 912 is different?

A: Diffusion coefficient is a measure of the rate of diffusion of mass of a substance through each unit…

Q: If the vapor pressure of moisture in the food is equal to the vapor pressure in the surrounding air,…

A: No drying of food will occur as vapour pressure is same and hence no evaporation of vapour will…

Q: Answer the following questions: 1. An alloy of Fe in y-Fe (FCC) with a uniform Fe concentration of…

A: GivenFe concentrationFeo=0.41wt%CFe concentration is suddenly brought to Fec=1.5wt%C

Q: If the process mean suddenly shifts to 31.1 psi, what would happen to the percentage of…

A:

Q: why vacancy diffusion is more slow than interstitial diffusion?

A: Vacancy diffusion is slower than Interstitial diffusion. Diffusions taking place by vacancies are…

Q: What does(do) determine a diffusion coefficient (diffusivity)? (choose all) a. Concentration…

A: What does(do) determine a diffusion coefficient (diffusivity)?

Q: carbide

A:

Q: Draw the possible ways to improve the thin film deposition rate in thermal evaporation technique.…

A: A popular technique of physical vapor deposition is thermal evaporation (PVD). It's one of the…

Q: Show that; 2. %3D 2.

A: This is a relationship between dynamic pressure and static pressure. We know that  Static pressure +…

Q: 0.015M solution of hydrogen

A:

Q: Jsing the equation d = VD · t, where "d' is the layer thickness, "D" is the diffusion coefficient…

A:

Q: Explain the importance of lubricating oil purification.

A: There is the large number of properties of fluid that need to be maintained for the proper working…

Q: IDENTIFY THE NUMBER OF ATOMS (CL, C, H, and F) in the Refrigerant R113

A: It is required to determine number of atoms in R113 refrigerant

Q: Please explain and show examples of  chemical vapour deposition

A: Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is a process used to produce thin films, coatings, or other…

Q: (c) The diameter of the piston and qutletof the paint sprayer in Fig. 1 is 6 cm and 0.5 cm,…

A:

Q: A BCC iron alloy containing 0.05 wt% C is carburized at 1050°C such that the carbon concentration is…

A:

Q: Explain the theory of the Joule Thompson effect and give examples.

A: Joule Thompson effect states that if the real gas flow through pressure reducing valve then with the…

Q: Briefly describe the principle and applications of the following separation operations: (i)…

A: (i) Dialysis: - Dialysis is an operation that is employed to extract additional water and toxins…

Q: What are the machines and equipments and are using to make spa soaps? And what are their definitions…

A: Given Spa soaps To find Machines and equipment Definition and functions

Q: Equation (1) and Equation (2) are the equations used to obtain percent extraction (%Ext). Justify…

A: Write the expression of %Ext. %Ext=Wi-WnWi×100%   ...... (1) Write the another expression of %Ext.…

Q: At 90 °C the vapour pressure of toluene is 400 mmHg and that of o-xylene is 150 mmHg. (i) What is…

A:

Q: Analyze the condensation process using both chillers. Provide operating temperatures and  pressures…

A:

Q: Determine the characteristic gas constant for the following gases. a) Oxygen (if Molecular Weight =…

A: To Determine :- The characteristic gas constant for the following gases a) Oxygen (if Molecular…

Q: How can we calculate the cost of heating or cooling the make-up air?

A: Given Make up air To find Calculation method for heating or cooling

Q: kindly differentiate the canning methods of process in boiling water bath and using autoclave with…

A: Canning is the process in which foods are placed in cans and jars and heating them to a specified…

Q: . . is an example of an solid solution with a B.C.C structure. O Molybdenum- Tungsten O Gold- Silver…

A: Solid solution is a mixture of two types of atoms in a crystalline.  B.C.C structure is a body…

Q: )For the carbonization of steel at 800°C, it takes 2 hours to reach a C concentration of 0.4% at a…

A: Given DataT1=800°CD1=D2t1=2hrt2=6hrx1=100μmCx=0.4%

Q: You are examining two materials with the same density. One has a BCC crystal structure, and one has…

A: Given data:- BCC crystal structure HCP crystal structure.  The same density To find:-Which crystal…

Q: Crystal tableware glass that sparkles is sought after by many people as a sign of affluence. This…

A: In a regular potash glass, calcium is supplanted by lead, which is known as crystal glass or lead…

Q: From an experiment, the higher heating value of ethanol was obtained to be 1350 KJ/mol. a. Compute…

A: Ethanol  Reaction:   C2​H5​OH(l)+3O2​(g)→2CO2​(g)+3H2​O(l)   Given, △E = 1350KJ/mol at 25oC = 298 K…

Q: 14 K. Calculate the work done by the gas.

A: To find Work done by the gas

Q: Which one below is not a requirement for diffusion processes to occur in crystalline solids? O…

A: Diffusion process is transport of atom from one lattice site to another lattice site.

Q: Calculate the heat you need to take/give to make all 1 kg of mercury at a temperature of 357⁰C at a…

A: To find  The heat required to take from1 kg of mercury decrease temperature from  357°C to -39°C.…

Atomic diffusion in solids

In material science, diffusion can take place in solid, liquid, and gases. In solids, atomic diffusion can take place with the help of thermally activated and randomly vibrating atoms. The atomic diffusion in solids is complex and very slow in comparison to atomic diffusion in liquids and gases because the interatomic distance between the atoms is smaller in solids as compared to liquids and gases.