all of a drying oven is construc ctivity k = 0.0705 W/m-K betw ature, T₁= 450°C, and the com
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Heat Exchangers
Heat exchangers are the types of equipment that are primarily employed to transfer the thermal energy from one fluid to another, provided that one of the fluids should be at a higher thermal energy content than the other fluid.
Heat Exchanger
The heat exchanger is a combination of two words ''Heat'' and ''Exchanger''. It is a mechanical device that is used to exchange heat energy between two fluids.
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- 1.1 On a cold winter day, the outer surface of a 0.2-m-thick concrete wall of a warehouse is exposed to temperature of –5°C, while the inner surface is kept at 20°C. The thermal conductivity of the concrete is 1.2 W/m K. Determine the heat loss through the wall, which is 10-m long and 3-m high. Problem 1.11.11 Calculate the heat loss through a glass window 7-mm thick if the inner surface temperature is 20°C and the outer surface temperature is 17°C. Comment on the possible effect of radiation on your answer.Determine the power requirement of a soldering iron in which the tip is maintained at 400C. The tip is a cylinder 3 mm in diameter and 10 mm long. The surrounding air temperature is 20C, and the average convection heat transfer coefficient over the tip is 20W/m2K. The tip is highly polished initially, giving it a very low emittance.
- QUESTION 1 The wall of a drying oven is constructed by sandwiching an insulation material of thermal conductivity k = 0.0705 W/m-K between thin metal sheets. The oven air is at the temperature, T₁ = 450°C, and the corresponding convection coefficient is h, = 20 W/m²K. The inner wall surface absorbs a radiant flux of qrad 140 W/m² from hotter objects within the oven. The room air is at the temperature. To = 21°C, and the overall coefficient for convection and radiation from the outer surface is ho = 12 W/m²K. What insulation thickness, L, is required to maintain the outer wall surface temperature at Twall = 72°C? =Calculate the heat transfer between two (50*40 cm) parallel plates at constant temperatures of 71 = 100 K and 72 = 50 K that are L = 1 cm apart, assuming the emissivity (r) is 0.6 according to the following conditions. 1. The parallel plates filled with atmospheric air assume the thermal conductivity at the average temperature of 250 K is k=0.021 Heat direction Air Space * 24140 Heat direction Super-insulation W/m °C for air, Stefan-Boltzmann constant is 5.67*10*W/m².K' 2. The parallel plates are filled with super-insulated material and have an apparent thermal conductivity of 0.00004 W/m - °C.Question 3:A flat wall is exposed to an environmental temperature of 38oC. The wall is coveredwith a layer of insulation 2.5 cm thick whose thermal conductivity is 1.4 W/moC,and the temperature of the wall on the inside of the insulation is 315oC. The wallloses heat to the environment by convection. Compute the value of the convectionheat-transfer coefficient that must be maintained on the outer surface of the insulationto ensure that the outer-surface temperature does not exceed 41oC.
- Asphere shaped object that has the properties shown on the side, has been observed to calculate it's specific heat. In every 12 second temperature of it's surface has measured and noted. Ts₂ = 32.3°C TS₂ = 35.7°C, Ts 3 = 383°C, TS₁₁ = 41.4°C, Ts5=44.7°C neglected. theat transfer by radiation will be 1 m = 0.7kg V=320mL diameter = 9.3 cm To= 48°C h=37 W m² KAsphere shaped object that has the properties shown on the side, has been observed to calculate it's specific heat. In every 12 second temperature of it's surface has measured and noted. Ts₂ = 32.3°C TS₂ = 35.7°C, Ts 3 = 383°C, TS₁₁ = 41.4°C, Ts5=44.7°C neglected. theat transfer by radiation will be 1 m = 0.7kg V=320mL diameter = 9.3 cm p= 0,24 kg m3 To= 48°C h=37 W m² KThe wall of a furnace is made up of a material which has thermal conductivity of 2.65 W/m◦C and a thicknesses 300 mm. The inner side of the furnace wall is exposed to hot gases at 1200 ⁰C with a convection coefficient of 20 W/m2⁰C and the inside the surface is at 700 ⁰C. The air outside the furnace is at 20⁰C with a convection coefficient of 15 W/m2⁰C. Draw a clear diagram representing the system Determine the temperature of the outside surface of the furnace The rate of heat loss from the furnace.
- QUESTION 4: NATURAL CONVECTION Consider a 0.5-m x 0.8-m thin square plate in a room at 25°C. One side of the plate is maintained at a temperature of 85°C, while the other side is insulated. 4.1 Determine the rate of heat transfer from the plate by natural convection if the plate is horizontal with the hot surface facing up. 4.2 Discuss the effect on the rate of heat transfer if the plate was turned upside-down with the hot surface facing down.1. In summer, the owner of a house-made only of brick walls wants to know the heating transmitting through the wall of his house, so that he can decide if he needs to insulate for energy savings. Bricks have a conductivity of 0.8 W/m/K and are 15 cm wide. The wall is 6 m long per 3 m high. He measures 35 degrees on the outside surface and 22 degrees on the surface of the wall inside. Calculate the heat transferred.1-mm-diameter cylindrical resistor, insulated with a sheath of thermal conductivity, k, of 0.12 W/m-K, is located in an evacuated enclosure. The surface emissivity of the sheath is 0.85. The resistor is maintained at 450 K and the enclosure is at 300 K. What is the radius of the sheath that maximises the rate of heat loss from the resistor? Evaluate the corresponding maximum heat rate per unit length of the resistor and the sheath surface temperature. Determine the value of the parameter hirerlk where h, is the linearised radiation heat transfer coefficient at the critical radius, rer. Comment on your results. State all assumptions made. What is the rate of heat loss per unit length from the uninsulated resistor if its surface emissivity is the same as the sheath surface of the insulated resistor?