All amino acids have two ionizable functional groups: an α‑amino group (average pKa of 9.4) and an α‑carboxylic acid group (average pKa of 2.2). Aspartic acid has an ionizable side chain (R group) with a pKa of about 3.8. One of the possible ionization states of aspartic acid is shown in the image. At what pH would the structure be the predominant ionization state? Consider the ionization state of all three of the functional groups.

Q: You have been given a mixture of lysine, histidine and cysteine. The isoelectric point of the amino…

A: The mixture of amino can be separated by electrophoresis technique. This method is based on pH…

Q: lonization State of Histidine Each ionizable group of an amino acid can exist in one of two states,…

A: “Since there are multiple questions and it is not mentioned that which one has to be solved so I am…

Q: All amino acids have two ionizable functional groups: an a-amino group (average pk, of 9.4) and an…

A:

Q: Each ionizable group of an amino acid can exist in one of two states, charged or neutral. The…

A: Histidine has the three ionizable functional groups and we have to assign proper pKa and net charge…

Q: At very low pH, alanine is a diprotic acid that can be represented as H3N1-CH(CH3)-COOH. The pKa of…

A: A diprotic acid contains two types of acidic groups. The amino acid contains these two groups: 1.…

Q: A peptide has the sequence…

A: Solution - According to the question - Given - If pH > pKa, ionizing groups lose their protons.…

Q: Consider a peptide: Glu-Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-His If the pKa values for the…

A: If the pH of the solution is greater or equal to the pKa of side chain then the side chain will be…

Q: Draw the structures of the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartate in the ionization state you would…

A: We have been asked to draw the structures of phenylalanine and aspartate at pH = 7 We have been…

Q: 5. Arg and Lys Asp and Lys Pro and Glu Among these amino acid combinations listed above, only…

A: Answer: Only the combination of Asp and Lys have side chains with groups that have the greatest…

Q: Consider an amino acid (A) with no ionizable side chains, and call the three species involved in the…

A: Using Hendesen-Hasselbalck equation pH = pKa + log([HA]/[H2A+]) with, [HA] + [H2A+] = 1 mM [HA] = 1…

Q: Draw Tryptophan in a peptide bond. Explain all of the bonds using valence bond theory (VBT). Next,…

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Q: Show the shift of the electron density and the appearance of partial charges on carbon atoms in the…

A: Given : To determine the electron density and the appearance of partial charges on carbon atoms in…

Q: Explain why the pI of lysine is the average of the pKa values of its two protonated amino groups.

A: First the lysine structure is noted as follows,

Q: 10. Consider the amino acids glycine, valine and lysine. a. How many tripeptides can be formed from…

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Q: Draw the structure of the pentapeptide alanine-leucine- phenylalanine-glycineUisoleucine. Assume…

A: Given: The structure of pentapeptide alanine-leucine-phenylalanine-glycine-isoleucine has to be…

Q: Consider the hypothetical serine protease in the image, which shows the specificity pockets. The S,…

A: Hydrophobic side chains are non-polar side chains. The hydrophilic side chains are polar, acidic,…

Q: Draw the tripeptide Alanine-Cysteine-Serine (R1 = CH3, R2 = CH2SH, R3 = CH2OH) under the following…

A: The structure of tripeptide Alanine-Cysteine -Serine is shown in the below steps at different pH, At…

Q: Make

A: According to the question, molecule C4H11N5 was the side chain of an amino acid, in a protein, we…

Q: Which representation of the amino acid lysine would exist at a pH less than the isoelectric point?…

A: Given amino acid,

Q: Illustrate the lONlZATlON STRUCTURES and determine the isoelectric point (pI) of the given amino…

A: We have to illustrate the lONlZATlON STRUCTURES and determine the isoelectric point (pI) of the…

Q: The isoelectric point (pl) of a peptide is the pH at which the Group pK peptide ceases to migrate in…

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Q: 6. You are designing a protein, which needs to be stable at high temperatures. Which amino acids…

A: Amino acids are the monomeric units that are used in the synthesis of protein molecules. There are…

Q: You have been given a mixture of lysine, histidine and cysteine. The isoelectric point of the amino…

A: Electrophoresis- Separation of charged particles with the help of electric field. It consists of…

Q: Calculate the isoelectric pH of this peptide: His-Tyr

A: Here we are required to find the isoelectric point pH of the peptide.

Q: 2+ The amino acid "arginine (Arg)" has the following form: Arg, HArg, H₂ Arg+, H3 Arg²+. Which is…

A: pH < pka (protonation) pH > pka (deprotonation) pH = 1/2 protonaton or deprotonation

Q: Describe the pH range of acceptable buffering behavior for the amino acids alanine, histidine,…

A: The pH range of amino acids alanine, histidine, aspartic acid, and lysine is to be described. Amino…

Q: Two compartments are separated by a semi- permeable membrane. In the left hand compartment is the…

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Q: What is the major force responsible for the formation of an a-helix in protein secondary structure?…

A: In this question, we will see which force is responsible for making alpha helix in secondary…

Q: The image above depicts protein tertiary structure. What type of tertiary structure is represented…

A: Given: Tertiary structure of protein  To find: Type of bonding at letter b  Solution: Tertiary…

Q: The molecular weight of alanine at pH = 7.0 is 89.1 g/mol. Calculate the molecular weight of the…

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Q: Calculate the volume, in liters, of 1.666 M KOH that must be added to a 0.129 L solution containing…

A: The given data contains, mass of glutamic acid hydrochloride = 9.42 g. Molar mass of glutamic acid…

Q: "A protein has a pI point which can be used to separate proteins using ion exchange. If you have an…

A: PI value or isoelectric point of a protein is its pH at which it carries no net electrical charge…

Q: 9. For the two amino acids below determine if each of them would be either on the inside or the…

A: In the tertiary structure of protein hydrophobic moiety resides inside the cell interior and…

Q: The amino acid (S)-alanine has the physical characteristics listed under the structure. What is the…

A: Enantiomers are the stereoisomers which are nonsuperimposable mirror image of each other. All the…

Q: Complete the table for the ionizable groups of the fictitious amino acid hypothetinine. pKa (to TWO…

A: The correct answer is given

Q: A solution of the amino acid Lysine is at pH 13. What will be the overall charge, the charge on the…

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Q: peptide has the sequence

A: peptide sequence is:…

Q: Consider the structures of the two amino acids below. Draw a dipeptide (peptide made from two amino…

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Q: Does the titrated amino acids appear to be acidic, basic, or neutral amino acids? Please explain…

A: Amino acid is the acid contains acid group and and the amine group . Ehen there is more than one…

Q: The chemical method of identifying the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide wherein one amino…

A: We have to identify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide where in one amino acid at a time…

Q: The amino acid "arginine (Arg)" has the following form: Arg, HArg, H₂ Arg, H3 Arg²+, Which is the…

A: Arginine is an amino acid and it has three ionizable protons, that is why it has three pKa values.…

Q: All amino acids have two ionizable functional groups: an a-amino group (average pK, of 9.4) and an…

A: The deprotonation of an acidic group takes place at a pH higher than the pKa value.  Hence the…

Q: For aspartic and glutamic acids, the isoelectric point occurs at a pH where the net charge on the…

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Q: A compound is known to have a free amino group with a pKa of 8.8, and one other ionizable group with…

A: Given compound is having two ionisable groups.

Q: The pKa for the side chain amino group in lysine is 10.4. If we were working at physiological pH…

A: At pH below the pKa for the amino acid is  protonated and at  pH above the pKa then it is…

Q: The secondary structure of a protein is the Multiple Choice Ospecific order of amino acids in the…

A: Secondary structure refers to regular, recurring arrangements in space of adjacent amino acid…

Q: At what pH does a 0.02 M solution of Ala-Cys exhibit a net charge of -1.5? The pK, for the a-…

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Q: A direct current was passed through a solution containing valine histidine and aspartic acid at a pH…

A: When the electricity is passed, the amino acids move based on their charge.

Q: Almost all proteins are composed from a set of about _____ amino acids. a. 4 b. 10 c. 20 d. 50

A: Hello. Since you have posted multiple questions and not specified which question needs to be solved,…

Mass Spectrometry

This process is an instrumental method in which a sample is changed to fast moving positive ions by electron bombardment. The charged particles vary due to their different mass to charge ratio and are estimated with the help of this difference. It is also called mass spectroscopy.