alam satu bongkan kaca. Sudut genting kaca itu ialah 42°. Diagram 9 shows a light ray, P directed into a glass block. The critical angle of the glass is 42°. Diagram 7 shows a light ray is directed into a glass block. Garis normal Normal line D Bongkah kaca Glass Nock Bongkah kaca Glass block Sinar cahaya Light ray A Rajah 9 Diagram 9 Rajah 7 Diagram 7 Antara arah A, B, C dan D, arah manakah sinar cahaya itu bergerak dari titik Q? At which direction A, B, C or D does the light ray moves from point Q? Antara sudut A, B, C dan D, yang manakah adalah sudut biasan? At which angle A, B, C or D is the angle of refraction? 16 Rajah 8 menunjukkan satu objek diletakkan di hadapan satu cermin cekung. Jarak objek itu adalah kurang daripada panjang fokus, f cermin itu. Diagram 8 shows an object placed in front of a concave mirror. The object distance is less than the focal length, f of the mirror. 18 Scorang murid melukis sinar cahaya yang melalui kanta P, Q, R dan S seperti ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah sinar berikut. F ialah titik fokus kanta P, Q, R dan S. A student draws light rays passing through lenses P, Q. R and S as shown in the following ray diagrams. F is the focal point of lenses P, Q, R and S. I III R Objek Object Cermin cekung Concave mirror II IV Rajah 8 Diagram 8 Antara yang berikut, yang manakah ciri-ciri bagi imej terbentuk? Which of the following are the characteristics of the image formed? A Nyata, tegak, diperbesar Real, upright, magnified B Nyata, songsang, diperkecil Real, inverted, diminished C Maya, tegak, diperbesar Virtual, upright, magnified D Maya, songsang, diperkecil Virtual, inverted, diminished Gambar rajah sinar yang manakah menunjukkan lintasan sinar cahaya yang betul? Which ray diagram shows the correct path of the light rays? A I I sahaja Il only B I, II dan IV sahaja I, Il and IV only CI dan III sahaja I and III only D I, II, III dan IV I, II, III and IV [Lihat halaman sebelah)
Refraction of Light
Refraction is a change in the direction of light rays when they travel from one medium to another. It is the bending of light when it goes through different media.
Angle of Refraction
Light is considered by many scientists to have dual nature, both particle nature and wave nature. First, Particle nature is one in which we consider a stream of packets of energy called photons. Second, Wave nature is considering light as electromagnetic radiation whereas part of it is perceived by humans. Visible spectrum defined by humans lies in a range of 400 to 700 nm wavelengths.
Index of Refraction of Diamond
Diamond, the world’s hardest naturally occurring material and mineral known, is a solid form of the element carbon. The atoms are arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. They exist in a huge variety of colours. Also, they are one of the best conductors of heat and have a very high melting point.
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