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- Both enantiomers of α-terpineneol may be isolated from various natural sources: the (S) isomer is a constituent of longleaf pine oil, whereas the (R) isomer is present in the petitgrain oil. Change the following depiction of α-terpineneol to represent the structure of (S)-α-terpineneol(A) How many chirality centers does the following molecule contain? (B) How many stereoisomers are possible for this molecule? (C) Assign R,S designation to each chiral carbonPlease explain properly. Q16. Ibuprofen, an example of an NSAID, is the active ingredient in several popular over-the-counter analgesics in the U.S., and it is sold in racemic form, even though only the S-enantiomer is pharmacologically active. Suggest methods that might be used to obtain or prepare ibuprofen in enantiomerically pure form, based on processes and reactions you learned. H CH3 (CH3)2CHCH₂ S-ibuprofen CO₂H
- Gamma(y)-amino butyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter (a chemical that is used to send signals from one neuron to another) of the mammalian central nervous system. In order to understand how GABA works, conformationally restricted analogues, such as compound 1, have been made. During a synthesis of compound 1, compound 2 was subjected to allylic bromination using NBS and a radical initiator (AIBN) instead of light (Aust. J. Chem. 1981, 34, 2231-2236). H₂N. CH3 GABA CO₂H CH3 dddd CH3 H₂N Modify the structures given below to draw all eight possible allylic bromides that can be formed when compound 2 undergoes allylic bromination, considering all possible regiochemical and stereochemical outcomes. You can use the single bond tool to add/remove pi bonds. CH3 CO₂H CH3 solddd CH3 CH3 2 CH₂ CO₂EtDraw the structure of (S,S)-ethambutol, a drug used to treat tuberculosis that is 10 times more potent than any of its other stereoisomers.1 (a) In the following reactions, (1) LIAIH, A (2) H2O mCPBA B (i) Draw the structure of compounds A and B. (ii) For each reaction, explain the type of reaction involved. (iii) Explain the successful transformation of compound A using mass spectra.
- 6)Rank the following compounds in order of increasing pKa values, and explain your choices in detail.Carvone is present in many essential oils. It is chiral, and its two enantiomers are shown here. Even though they are enantiomers, they have different odors. The (-) enantiomer smells like spearmint, whereas the (+) enantiomer smells like caraway seeds. What does this say about the olfactory receptors that detect carvone? (-)-Carvone (+)-Carvoned) Identify one compound that is expected to have identical physical properties as structure II. (e) Other than structures III and VI, identify a stereoisomer with a different boiling point from that of structure II. (f) Other than structures IV, identify one diastereomer of structure I. (g) How many stereoisomers may be derived from structure V?
- Which of the following statements is/are true of compound C given below? OH HO Compound C OH (i) The boiling point of compound C is higher than the boiling point of (ii) The chirality centre (stereocentre) of compound C is of S configuration. CI (iii) Compound C reacts with SOCI, in pyridine to form CI O Only statements (ii) and (iii) are true. O All three statements are true. O Only statement (i) is true. O Only statement (ii) is true. O Only statement (iii) is true.In some nucleophilic substitutions under SN1 conditions, complete racemization does not occur and a small excess of one enantiomer is present. For example, treatment of optically pure 1-bromo-1-phenylpropane with water forms 1-phenyl-1-propanol. (a) Calculate how much of each enantiomer is present using the given optical rotation data. (b) Which product predominates-the product of inversion or the product of retention of configuration? (c) Suggest an explanation for this phenomenon. H Br он H20 1-bromo-1-phenylpropane 1-phenyl-1-propanol observed [a) = +5.0 optically pure S isomer, [a] =-48 %3DPhenacetin was a widely used pain-reliving and fever deducing drug until the1970’s when it was banned due to it link to renal diseases and cancers or the upper urinary tract.Given the structure of phenacetin which of the statement below are true? 1. The 1HNMR spectrum of phenacetin shows 5 signals corresponding to the differentprotons in the structure2. The 13CNMR spectrum of phenacetin shows 6 signals for the carbons on the benzene ring.3. The N-H proton of phenacetin will likely present as a broad peak in the spectrum.4. The DEPT 135 spectrum will show 8 peaks (6 up and 2 down).5. The aromatic signals of the protons are expected to both have chemical shifts larger thanthat of benzene due to the electron withdrawing nature of the substituents. A) 3 and 5 are true D) 1 and 4 are trueB) Only 3 is true E) 2 and 5 are trueC) 3 and 4 are true