After consuming all of its nuclear fuel, a massive star can collapse to form a black hole, which is an immensely dense object whose escape speed is greater than the speed of light. Newton's law of universal gravitation still describes the froce that a black hole exerts on objects outside it. A spacecraft in the shape of a long cylinder has a length of 100m, and its mass with occupants is 1000kg. It has strayed too close to a black hole having a mass 100 times that of the sun. If the nose of the spacecraft points toward the center of the black hole, and if the distance between the nose of the spacecraft and the black hole's center is 10km (a) determine the total force on the spacecraft. (b) What is the difference in the force per kilogram of mass felt by the occupants in the nose of the ship versus those in the rear of the ship farthest from the black hole?

An object of mass m is released from rest a distance R above the surface of a planet of mass M and radius R.  Derive an expression for the speed with which it hits the planet’s surface v.

You're designing a mission with a special type of rocket, a nuclear thermal rocket (NTR). Since it uses a nuclear reactor to heat the propellant, it can achieve an exhaust velocity of vex = 5.65 km/s. The crew's habitat space, the rocket itself, the shadow shield to protect from radiation, and the instrument payload for scientific research all have a combined mass of 607 x 103 kg, and the propellant is 3,638 x 103 kg. What is the total delta-V of the rocket in km/s?

The energy to mové a rocket (mass m) nfinitely far from the Earth (Radius R and mass M) E = jGMma 1 E = x? 2 is What escape velocity at liftoff gives an energy that equals E. R

The Millennium Falcon is approximately 35.2 m long. There are conflicting reports, but the Fàlcon made the Kessel Run in approximately 12.95 parsecs. This is an odd unit to measure speed with as a parsec is a unit of length equal to 3.26 light-year. The science FICTION comes in when you consider that ships in Star Wars use hyperdrive to travel faster than the speed of light, so they are able to make jumps through space. Han Solo picked difficult or dangerous points to jump between to make the trip so short.tet's imagine that the Millennium Falcon travels at 0.95c during the 12.95 parsec Kessel Run. What distance, in light-year, does an observer at the finish line measure for the trip? Don't forget to convert parsec to light-year. light-year What distance, in light-year, does Han Solo measure for the trip as he pilots the ship? | light-year

Black holes have three layers: the outer and inner event horizon, and the singularity. The event horizon of a black hole is the boundary around the mouth of the black hole, past which light cannot escape. Once a particle crosses the event horizon, it cannot leave. Gravity is constant across the event horizon. The inner region of a black hole, where the object's mass lies, is known as its singularity, the single point in space-time where the mass of the black hole is concentrated. Scientists can't see black holes the way they can see stars and other objects in space. Instead, astronomers must rely on detecting the radiation black holes emit as dust and gas are drawn into the dense creatures. But supermassive black holes, lying in the center of a galaxy, may become shrouded by the thick dust and gas around them, which can block the telltale emissions. Explain this in simpler terms.