Adult humans synthesize large amounts of ATP in the course of a day, but their body weights do not change significantly. In the same time period, the structures and compositions of their bodies also do not change appreciably. Explain this apparent contradiction
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Adult humans synthesize large amounts of ATP in the course of a day, but their body weights do not change significantly. In the same time period, the structures and compositions of their bodies also do not change appreciably. Explain this apparent contradiction.
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- Although adults synthesize large amounts of ATP daily, their body weight, structure, and composition do not change significantly during this period. Explain this apparent contradiction.Marathon runners often practice "carb loading" prior to a race. The purpose of this practice is to increase the stores of energy available for muscles to use. Explain how energy is used by muscle fibers and how this practice of "card loading" benefits the runner's muscles. Be sure to use the terms glucose, glycogen, creatine, phosphate, and ATP in the explanation.An average adult cheetah has a metabolic mass of 44,010 grams and a resting metabolic rate of 61.77 joules per second. Based on these data, would you characterize the cheetah as an ectotherm or endotherm? Support your answer with evidence from the graph.
- When the body temperature of ghost crabs is raised from 15°C to 24°C, resting metabolic rate and both increase, but the increase in is much greater than the increase in resting metabolic rate. Given this information, what would be the likely result if ghost crabs in nature experienced conditions that raised their typical body temperature from 15°C to 24°C? Select one: a. Aerobic scope and capacity for aerobic exercise would decrease. b. Aerobic scope would decrease and capacity for aerobic exercise would increase. С. Aerobic scope and capacity for aerobic exercise would increase. d. Aerobic scope would increase and capacity for aerobic exercise would decrease.A student is accustomed to running three miles at a leisurely jogging pace. In a fitness class, she has to run a mile as fast as she can. Afterward, she is winded and her chest and leg muscles are fatigued. What has she experienced in terms of energy metabolism? HINT Think of the increase in the muscle cells' demand for oxygen.Why is oxygen consumption a good measure of overall metabolic rate of an aerobic organism?
- part 1 A young athlete has trained over several months to participate in a duathlon sprint. They are doing this with their good friend, and it’s just for fun. They anticipate (based on their training times) that the total race will take them ~90 minutes to complete. The race will take place on a cool autumn day, and the individual expects to be performing at a steady state of ~50% of their maximal aerobic capacity. What would be happening to the plasma concentrations of the following hormones within the first 30 minutes or so of the race (ie, moving from rest to a steady state): Epinephrine/Norepinephrine Insulin As time passes (ie, duration), what changes will be occurring to energy substrate oxidation (ie, what’s being burned for energy CHO, Protein, or Fat)? What would you expect to be happening to blood lactate concentrations during the race? (ie, between minute 30 and minute 60) What if instead of a cool autumn day competing just for fun, this athlete raced in the middle of…Fast-twitch muscle fibers have fewer mitochondria and less myoglobin to store oxygen than slow-twitch muscle fibers. Use this information to predict how energy production differs in these two types of muscle fibers. Fast-twitch fibers rely primarily on aerobic respiration whereas slow- twitch fibers rely on anaerobic respiration. Slow-twitch fibers are able to produce more ATP per glucose molecule than fast-twitch fibers. You would expect to find more lactic acid build-up in slow-twitch fibers rather than fast-twitch fibers. A & C all of the aboveI played field hockey for 1 hour and my Fitbit Watch says that I expended 1,085 Calories. If triglycerides in my adipose (fat) cells powered all that activity, how may grams of fat were consumed in powering that exercise? (Hint: the Calorie Content of Fats you determined in Lab Exercise 9A was 8.9 Calories/g): Show your calculation…
- Trace the fate of hydrogens removed from glucose during glycolysis when oxygen is present in muscle cells; compare this to the fate of hydrogens removed from glucose when the amount of available oxygen is insufficient to support aerobic respiration.An athlete participates in aerobic exercise three times a week. One of the changes is an increased ability to deliver oxygen to her skeletal muscles. Over time she notices that she can continue the exercise with greater intensity and duration. The reason for this change is that there is a(n) a. greater response from phosphate transfer. b. greater production of ATP from glycolysis and less from aerobic cellular respiration. c. greater production of ATP from aerobic cellular respiration. d. increased production of lactate.In order to improve their recovery after an intense work out or competition, many high-level athletes use "cool downs" to rapidly slow down their movements, by eating a snack, and breathing deeply. What choice below accurately explains how these steps aid cellular respiration? A. Eating a snack takes in more energy which converts to sugar needed by the body to produce oxygen to begin cellular respiration. B. Cooling down in this way they are able to take in oxygen and sugar, which allows their cells to produce energy through cellular respiration. C. Breathing deeply and eating a snack releases more carbon dioxide and sugar, which leads to more energy for cellular respiration to begin. D. Cooling down in this way they are able to take in carbon dioxide and water which allows their cells to produce energy through cellular respiration. 5.