Acid phosphatases are an important group of enzymes that can be detected in human blood serum. Under slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0), this group of enzymes can hydrolyze biological phosphate esters as follows; R-O-P-O3-2 + H 2O OR-OH + HO-P-O3-2. Acid phosphatases are produced and can be detected in erythrocytes, kidney, spleen, the liver, and prostate gland. The enzyme from the prostate gland is clinically important because an increased activity in the blood is frequently an indication of cancer of the prostate gland. Tartrate ion can strongly inhibit the phosphatase from the prostate gland, but not acid phosphatases from other tissues. How can you use the information above to develop a specific procedure for measuring the activity of the acid phosphatase of the prostate gland in human blood serum?

15.44 Identify the following glycerophospholipid, which helps con- duct nerve impulses in the body, as a lecithin or cephalin, and list its components: O || CH,−O−C—(CH)4—CH, O || CH–0–C− (CH2)16—CH3 CH,−0-P-0–CH2–CH,-N–CH, O || Albo CH3 4+ CH3

Given the following compounds and boiling points: Determine the IMFs Order the compounds from weakest to strongest IMFs, and Pentane (C5H12)                                     36°C Methane (CH4)                                     -164°C Sodium n-butoxide (C4H9NaO)      +260°C Hydrogen dioxide (H2O)                   100°C

12. Which of the following liquids has the weakest IMFA? O CH:OH О нс O CS2 H20

Complete the structures of these two am ino acids at the pH values given. Explain why the structures change at different pH values. ÇH3 H2N- -COOH H2N-C СООН H H alanine glycine at pH 1 at pH 7 at pH 14