Relevant information: 1. Adjusting Items: Date Description 31/8/21 The motor vehicle is depreciated using the straight line method. It has a useful life of 10 years and a zero residual value. The business has 7 sales staff. Each sales staff member's GROSS wage is $2100 per fortnight [PAYG withheld of $378]. At the end of the month, the business owed its sales staff 1 week worth of wages and that is yet to be recorded. 31/8/21 Received $28380 (including GST) from a customer at the start of August 2021 for provision of some advanced cleaning services. At the time, the amount was recorded as unearned revenue and GST collected. The business managed to deliver these services by the end of August 2021. 31/8/21 On August 1, 2021 the business deposited $19200 into a fixed deposit at ABC Bank. The interest offered was at 8% per annum and paid quarterly. The interest on the $19200 fixed deposit acrrued by the end of the month is yet to be recorded. 31/8/21 On August 1, 2021 the business paid $18018 (including GST) for 9 months of office rent. This was recorded at the time as Prepaid Rent and GST Paid. 31/8/21 On August 11, 2021 the business purchased 15 packs of markers worth $660 (including GST) which were recorded as Office Supplies and GST Paid. Heracles counted the markers at the end of August 2021 and found that 1 packs of these markers have been consumed but their consumption has not been recorded. 31/8/21 The office furniture is depreciated using the straight line method. It depreciates at 25% per annum and is assumed to have 31/8/21 la zero residual value. The business hires 5 general office assistants. Each assistant is paid a NET wages of $748 per week [PAYG withheld of $120]. At the end of the month, the business owed its office assistants 2 weeks of wages and that is yet to be recorded. 31/8/21 On August 1, 2021 the business paid $9801 (including GST) for 9 months of business insurance. This was recorded at the time as Prepaid Insurance and GST Paid. 31/8/21 Unadjusted Trial Balance "For the Month Ending 31/8/2021" Acc. No. Account Dr Cr 101 Cash 176,234 102 Accounts receivable 27,218 103 Inventory Office Supplies 42,198 104 16,832 111 GST Paid 9,281 Prepaid Insurance Prepaid Rent 141 8,910 142 16,380 143 Interest Receivable 5,234 155 Office Furniture 23,040 156 Accum. Depreciation - Office Furniture 5,760 158 Motor Vehicle 84,000 159 Accum. Depreciation - Motor Vehicle 16,800 201 Accounts Payable 6,330 222 GST Collected 18,378 240 Interest Due 2,806 241 Unearned Revenue 36,120 Wages Payable Utilities Payable Consulting Fees Payable 242 1,830 243 2,033 244 3,044 251 Bank Loan 33,990 261 PAYG Withheld 4,590 301 Capital 182,930 302 Drawings 4,780 401 Sales Revenue 154,782 402 Service Revenue 28,998 403 Interest Revenue 5,234 501 Cost of Good Sold 46,435 Computer Expense Office Supplies Expense 601 896 602 603 Interest Expense 2,806 604 Consulting Expense 6,088 605 Insurance Expense Rent Expense Sales Commission Expense Utilities Expense 606 607 4,643 608 6,100 Wage Expense Advertising Expense Depreciation Expense - Motor Vehicle Depreciation Expense - Office Furniture ТOTAL 609 18,300 610 4,250 651 655 503,625 503,625
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
Complete the General Journal using the appropriate account names below: (note GST is 10%)
Cash (101)
Accounts Receivable (102)
Inventory (103)
Office Supplies (104)
GST Paid (111)
Prepaid Insurance (141)
Prepaid Rent (142)
Interest Receivable (143)
Computer Equipment (151)
Accum. Depreciation - Computer Equipment (152)
Office Furniture (155)
Accum. Depreciation - Office Furniture (156)
Motor vehicle (158)
Accum. Depreciation - Motor Vehicle (159)
Accounts Payable (201)
GST Collected (222)
Interest Due (240)
Unearned Revenue (241)
Wages Payable (242)
Utilities Payable (243)
Consulting Fees Payable (244)
Bank Loan (251)
PAYG Withheld (261)
Capital (301)
Drawings (302)
Sales Revenue (401)
Service Revenue (402)
Interest Revenue (403)
Cost of Goods Sold (501)
Computer Expense (601)
Office Supplies Expense (602)
Interest Expense (603)
Consulting Expense (604)
Insurance Expense (605)
Rent Expense (606)
Sales Commission Expense (607)
Utilities Expense (608)
Wage Expense (609)
Advertising Expense (610)
Depreciation Expense - Motor Vehicle (651)
Depreciation Expense - Office Furniture (655)
Depreciation Expense - Computer Equipment (658)
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