Skip to main content
close
Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
arrow_forward
Literature guides
Concept explainers
Writing guide
Popular textbooks
Popular high school textbooks
Popular Q&A
Business
Accounting
Business Law
Economics
Finance
Leadership
Management
Marketing
Operations Management
Engineering
AI and Machine Learning
Bioengineering
Chemical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Computer Engineering
Computer Science
Cybersecurity
Data Structures and Algorithms
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Language
Spanish
Math
Advanced Math
Algebra
Calculus
Geometry
Probability
Statistics
Trigonometry
Science
Advanced Physics
Anatomy and Physiology
Biochemistry
Biology
Chemistry
Earth Science
Health & Nutrition
Health Science
Nursing
Physics
Social Science
Anthropology
Geography
History
Political Science
Psychology
Sociology
learn
writing tools
expand_more
plus
study resources
expand_more
Log In
Sign Up
expand_more
menu
SEARCH
Homework help starts here!
ASK AN EXPERT
ASK
Social Science
History
According to the document, why do Hideyoshi and the Tokugawas want to suppress Christianity? How are Christians depicted?
According to the document, why do Hideyoshi and the Tokugawas want to suppress Christianity? How are Christians depicted?
Related questions
Q: List 5 facts about Abraham Lincoln.
A: 5 facts about Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln is the solitary president to have acquired a patent. Benjami...
Q: 5. The fundamental goal of American foreign policy during the 1950s and 1960s was A. promotion and ...
A: Containment was a geopolitical foreign policy followed by the United States. It was a policy directe...
Q: Below are excerpts from a primary document which criticizes the Catholic Church in the period leadin...
A: The Protestant Reformation was also referred to as the European Reformation and the Reformation. It ...
Q: Imperialism and Americans involvement in foreign countries after 1945
A: America's imperialism is a policy that extends beyond its borders America's political, economic, and...
Q: The economy of the Arabs in the seventh century was based on: Group of answer choices Maritime trad...
A: In the 7th Century, Muslim conquests saw the rise of Islamic religion in the Arabic countries. Its i...
Q: What is the biggest impact of Canada's involvement in the Cold War on its international relations?
A: The Canadian government played a significant role in the cold war era. It had involvement in many im...
Q: The Supreme Court’s 1954 Hernandez v. Texas decision – a ended legal segregation of whites...
A: US Supreme Court under Earl Warren, chief justice declared unanimously that Mexican Americans were a...
Q: Events of the Civil War which led to Confederation Explain what happened during the following even...
A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for you...
Q: one impact of the invention of Joseph glidden
A: Fourth option is the correct answer. Joseph Glidden (1813-1906) didn't create spiked metal, yet the ...
Q: Q1. Who was known as the father of Industrial revolution? Q2. Explain trade between the U.S and the ...
A: Hi! thanks for the question but according to the guidelines, we can answer only one question at one ...
Q: Why did Linda Brown want to go to a different school? a The new school was integrated ...
A: The most appropriate answer is C). The one she was currently attending was far from her home.EXPLANA...
Q: What does the relief of Hapi (the god of the Nile) tell us about the significance if the Nile River?
A: Ancient Egypt was a barren or semi-arid land. A civilization in Egypt would not be possible if it we...
Q: What is this?
A: After Latin American independence, United States vowed to assist through its separation from the Eur...
Q: 5, One of these statements is the "Cause" ie, it came first chronologically AND it played an importa...
A: Mansa Musa was the emperor of the Mali Empire of West Africa. In the year 1324, he decided to go to ...
Q: Using evidence from your reading of The Life of Hadrian in Cassius Dio, state 3 positive aspects tha...
A: Hadrian was the Roman Emperor who ruled from 117 to 138 BC. He was so generous that people considere...
Q: 16. Which of the following people was not a casualty of the guillotine? (9A) Napoleon Bonaparte Loui...
A: A guillotine was one of the most threatening instruments used during the French Revolution. It becam...
Q: Explain the difference between the “Occupied Zone”and the “Free Zone” in France
A: The free zone was a partition of the French metropolis during the Second World War, created in Compi...
Q: Respond to the discussion question below in complete sentences. Explain the Fugitive Slave Act.
A: The Fugitive Slave Act was first passed in the year 1793 and then again in the year 1850 on the 18th...
Q: How can I write a proccess analysis essay?
A: In order to compose a process analysis essay, we must first understand what it is. By definition, Pr...
Q: Why Didn't Hitler Go For The Kill at Dunkirk
A: If in a matter of hours, years before the result of a war is decided, it is rarely known to those in...
Q: By the 1950s, nearly five of ten American families owned a TV set. True False
A: Education was also higher than in other countries, with hundreds of new colleges and universities be...
Q: What does the relief of Hapi (the god of the Nile) tell us about the significance if the Nile River?
A: From the 26th Dynasty (664-525 BCE), this schist fragment depicts the Nile god Hapi carved in sunken...
Q: Which of the following is not one of the five pillars of Islam? Group of answer choices Salat, or t...
A: The five pillars means the values, practices and beliefs of the religion. It is considered important...
Q: What is this?
A: The correct option is- d. Heavy industry, like steel and iron production, became a more critical par...
Q: What is commune? a A bunch of families that choose to work together so they can take turn...
A: The centre idea of communes has undergone changes since the 1900s.
Q: The United Kingdom experienced a huge growth in the cotton industry during the Industrial Revolution...
A: The Industrial Revolution was a period in history in which the production of goods was done on newly...
Q: Choose ONE of the questions below to answer in a short essay response. Questions: 1. How was a king...
A: Incredible Zimbabwe has been depicted as "perhaps the most sensational engineering scenes in sub-Sah...
Q: Question 7 The kingdom of Majahapit unified the majority of the islands of Indonesia through their ...
A: It was founded in East Java between the 13th the 16th centuries and was the last Indianized empire i...
Q: How the Knowledge transferred from the Pre-Historic Times to the Modern civilization. Sketch and exp...
A: Archaeologists and anthropologists find from dirt, study DNA samples, inspect artifacts, and attempt...
Q: Explain Viktor Frankl's "concept of meaning" in the context of the prisoner's experiences inside the...
A: Victor Frankl has written about his experience as a prisoner in the Nazi concentration camps in his ...
Q: How did the growth of the conservative movement shape American politics during the 1980s and early 9...
A: During the 1980s and 1990s, conservative Republican leaders such as Reagan and George Bush came to p...
Q: 1. Discuss the stand of the regular priest and the secular priests in relation to the administration...
A: Two kinds of priests served the Catholic Church in the Philippines. These were the regulars and th...
Q: 1. How does Fallout Shelters illustrate the belief of "Mutually Assured Destruction"? 2. What impact...
A: Mutually assured destruction is a military mental model with powerful applications in life and busin...
Question
According to the document, why do Hideyoshi and the Tokugawas want to suppress Christianity? How are Christians depicted?
List some of the early minor restrictions on Christians and then some of the later major restrictions issued against Christians?
Was Emperor Hideyoshi objecting to Christianity, Christians themselves, or just a perceived threat from the West as a whole?
Transcribed Image Text:
17. Ships arriving in Hirado must sell their raw silk at the price set in Nagasaki, and are not permitted to engage in business transactions until after the price is established in Nagaski. pale or washed out, but rather the freshness and beauty of their features well indicated their fate. Now they were set up near a large pole, from the top of which hung the Tyrant's proclamation. Not faraway they espied a house wherein the corpses had been buried and cairns of immense stones had been set up over them; thus if at any time the Japanese should be silent about these men, the very stones would speak. You are hereby required to act in accordance with the provisions set above. It is so ordered. Kaga no-kami Masamori et al., seals. To: Sakakibara Hida no-kami, Sengoku Yamoto no-kami Inscribed on a pole which emerged from the midst of these stones was the name of the legation and the reason for the executions; it was indeed their monument for posterity and an everlasting trophy of their glory. With unfeeling barbarity the Tyrant had added this inscription: A similar penalty will be suffered by all those who henceforward come to these shores from Portugal, whether they be sailors, whether they come by error or whether they be driven higher by storm. Even more, if the King of Portugal, or Shaka, or even the GOD of the Christians were to come, they would all pay the very same penalty. COMPLETION OF THE EXCLUSION, 1639 The matter relating to the proscription of Christianity is known [ to the Portuguese]. However, heretofore they have secretly transported those who are going to propagate that religion. 2. If those who believe in that religion band together in an attempt to do evil things, they must be subjected to punishment. 3. While those who believe in the preaching of padres are in hiding, there are incidents in which that country (Portugal) has sent gifts to them for their sustenance. 1. Questions: 1) According to the document, why do Hideyoshi and the Tokugawas want to suppress In view of the above, hereafter entry by the Portuguese galeota is forbidden. If they insist on coming [to Japan], the ships must be destroyed and anyone aboard those ships must be beheaded. We have received the above order and are thus transmitting it to you accordingly. Christianity? How are Christians depicted? The above concerns our disposition with regard to the galeota. 2) List some of the early minor restrictions on Christians and then some of the later major restrictions issued against Christians? Memorandum With regard to those who believe Christianity, you are aware that there is a proscription, and thus knowing, you are not 3) Was Emperor Hideyoshi objecting to Christianity, Christians themselves, or just a perceived threat from the West as a whole? permitted to let padres and those who believe in their preaching to come aboard your ships. If there is any violation, all of you who are aboard will be considered culpable. If there is anyone who hides the fact that he is a Christian and boards your ship, you may report it to us. A substantial reward will be given to you for this information. This memorandum is to be given to those who come on Chinese ships. (A similar note to the Dutch ships.) The Fate of the Embassy from Macao, 1640 by Antonio Cardim, S.J. Because many serious crimes have been committed over a number of years by the propagation of the Christian religion in defiance of his decree, the shogun last year forbade under grave penalties all voyages from Macao to Japan, laying down that if any ship were to come to Japan despite this prohibition, the vessel would be burnt and the sailors and merchants executed. This edict was promulgated both summarily and in detail. Nevertheless, these men have blatantly violated the aforesaid decree by their voyage and are seriously at fault. Furthermore, in spite of their assertion that on no account will they send hereafter ministers of the Christian religion to Japan, the ambassadorial letters from Macao are silent on this point. Since, therefore, the shogu'n has prohibited such voyages on account of the Christian religion and since no mention of this matter is made in these letters, it is quite evident that the entire legation is but a pretence. For this reason, all who have come hither in this ship are to pay the extreme penalty. It has accordingly been decided that the ship shall be consumed by flames and that the principal ambassadors shall be put to death along with their companions so that nothing may remain of this harbinger of evil. Thus the example which the shogu'n has made of them wil1 be noticed abroad in Macao and the home country; as a consequence, all will learn to respect the rights of Princes and Kings. We nevertheless desire that the rabble among the crew be spared and sent back to Macao. But should any other ship come hither by force of adverse circumstances it be known that, in whatsoever port it may call, one and all will be put to death. for any other reason what- soever, let Given on the 3rd day of the 6th moon of the 17th year of the Kanei era, that is, the 25th day of July in the year 1640. At the same time they also asked what they would say about this punishment to foreign peoples in the Orient and even in Europe, if by chance they should go tither. They replied that they would tell the truth; to wit, that the shogun of Japan had put the Portuguese ambassadors to death and had set fire to their ship because they professed the Christian religion and had disobeyed his edict, and that they, to the number of thirteen, had been spared this punishment and sent back so that they could recount what had happened; but they added that the kings and all the peoples of the world would most certainly condemn what had been done as a crime against international law. They were then taken thence to the mount of execution in order to identify the heads of the executed men, which they found affixed to boards in three groups. The heads of the ambassadors were set apart from the rest; they did not appear
Transcribed Image Text:
2. The [missionaries] approach people in provinces and districts to make them their followers, and let them destroy Japan Encounters the West shrines and temples. This is an unheard of outrage. When a vassal receives a province, a district, a village or another form of a fief, he must consider it as a property entrusted to him on a temporary basis. He must follow the laws of this The Portuguese reached Japan in 1543. The Japanese were curious and eager to interact with the Westerners at first. Japanese ships already dominated an active Asian trade network centered on the East China Sea and began vigorous interaction with Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch merchants. Along with the merchants came Christian missionaries. Japan has a long history of intellectual and religious open- ness. In addition to native Shinto beliefs, various forms of Buddhism were well established in Japan and Confucian philosophy was influential among the educated. Christianity became very popular in the western regions of Japan in the century after contact with the West. country, and abide by their intent. However, some vassals illegally [commend part of their fiefs to the church]. This is a culpable offense. 3. The padres, by their special knowledge [in the sciences and medicine], feel that they can at will entice people to become their believers In so doing they commit the illegal act of destroying the teachings of Buddha prevailing in Japan. These padres cannot be permitted to remain in Japan. They must prepare to leave the country within twenty days of the issuance of this notice. However, the vassals must not make unreasonable demands on the padres, which shall be treated as a culpable offense. By 1638, however, missionaries had been expelled, foreign merchants were virtually banned, and Japan- ese were prohibited from leaving. There are several reasons for this abrupt turn of events. First, Euro- pean explorers arrived in Japan during a time of civil war among powerful landlords called daimyo. Over time, Europeans were seen as supporting certain factions in return for the opportunity to spread Christianity in territories of those daimyo. Once Japan was unified by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and his successors, the Tokugawas, Europeans influence became even more suspect. Japanese Christians were suspected of having loyalties to religious leaders outside Japan. After the Spanish conquered the Philippines, the Tokugawas worried that European merchants and missionaries were merely the van- guard of a conquering force. Finally, the new regime desired a monopoly on international trade. First missionaries were expelled, then Christianity was suppressed, and eventually all contact with the West was broken off, with the exception of one Dutch merchant vessel a year. The black [Portuguese and Spanish] ships come to Japan to engage in trade. Thus the matter is a separate one. They can continue to engage in trade. Hereafter, anyone who does not hinder the teachings of Buddha, whether he be a merchant or not, may come and go freely from Christian countries to Japan. 5. This is our wish, and so ordered Fifteenth year of Tensho [1587], sixth month, 19th day. THE EDICT OF 1635 ORDERING THE CLOSING OF JAPAN: ADDRESSED TO THE JOINT BUGYO OF NAGASAKI The first two documents. From, 1587, show the growing suspicion of Christian missionaries by Hideyoshi. At this point, Europeans are still allowed to trade, but not spread their religion. The second set of documents date from 1638 to 1640 and represent the final stages of the Closing of Japan, including the killing of Portuguese envoys from Macao, a trading colony on the south China coast. 1. Japanese ships are strictly forbidden to leave for foreign countries. No Japanese is permitted to go abroad. If there is anyone who attempts to do so secretly, he must be executed. The 2. ship so involved must be impounded and its owner arrested, and the matter must be reported to the higher authority. If any Japanese returns from overseas after residing there, he must be put to death. 3. Source: John David Lu, Sources of Japanese History, vol. II, (McGraw-Hill) rights reverted to author. 4. there s any place where the teachings of padres (Christianity) is practiced, the two of you must order a thorough investigation. 5. Any informer revealing the whereabouts of the followers of padres (Christians) must be rewarded accordingly. If LIMITATION ON THE PROPAGATION OF CHRISTIANITY, 1587 anyone reveals the whereabouts of a high ranking padre, he must be given one hundred pieces of silver. For those 1. Whether one desires to become a follower of the padre is up to that person's own conscience. 2. If one receives a province, a district, or a village as his fief, and forces farmers in his domain who are properly registered under certain temples to become followers of the padre against their wishes, then he has committed a most unreasonable illegal act. of lower ranks, depending on the deed, the reward must be set accordingly. If a foreign ship has an objection [to the measures adopted] and it becomes necessary to report the matter to Edo, you may ask the Omura domain to provide ships to guard the foreign ship, as was done previously. If there are any Southern Barbarians (Westerners) who propagate the teachings of padres, or otherwise commit crimes, they may be incarcerated in the prison maintained by the Omura domain, as was done previously. All incoming ships must be carefully searched for the followers of padres. No single trading city [see 12 below] shall be permitted to purchase all the merchandise brought by foreign ships. 10. Samurai are not permitted to purchase any goods originating from foreign ships directly from Chinese merchants in 6. 7. 8. When a vassal (kyu nin) receives a grant of a province or a district, he must consider it as a property entrusted to him on a temporary basis. A vassal may be moved from one place to another, but farmers remain in the same place. Thus if an unreasonable illegal act is committed [as described above], the vassal will be called upon to account for his culpable offense. The intent of this provision must be observed. 3. 9. Nagasaki. 11. After a list of merchandise brought by foreign ships is sent to Edo, as before you may order that commercial dealings 4. Anyone whose fief is over 200 cho and who can expect two to three thousand kan of rice harvest each year must may take place without waiting for a reply from Edo. 12. After settling the price, all white yarns (raw silk) brought by foreign ships shall be allocated to the five trading cities and other quarters as stipulated. After settling the price of white yarns (raw silk), other merchandise [brought by foreign ships] may be traded freely between the [licensed] dealers. However, in view of the fact that Chinese ships are small and cannot bring large consignments, you may issue orders of sale at your discretion. Additionally, payment for the goods purchased must be made within twenty days after the price is set. receive permission from the authorities before becoming a follower of the padre. Anyone whose fief is smaller than the one described above may, as his conscience dictates, select for himself from between eight and nine religions. 5. 13. 8. If a daimyo who has a fief over a province, a district or a village, forces his retainers to become followers of the padre, he is committing a crime worse than the followers of Honganji who assembled in their temple [to engage in the 14. Ikko rio t). This will have an adverse effect on [the welfare of] the nation. Anyone who cannot use good judgment in The date of departure homeward of foreign ships shall not be later than the twentieth day of the ninth month. Any ships arriving in Japan later than usual shall depart within fifty days of their arrival. As to the departure of Chinese this matter wil1 be punished. ships, you may use your discretion to order their departure after the departure of the Portuguese galeota (galleon). 15. The goods brought by foreign ships which remained unsold may not be deposited or accepted from deposit. 16. The arrival in Nagaski of representatives of the five trading cities shall not be later that the fifth day of the seventh month. Anyone arriving later than that date shall lose the quota assigned to his city. EXPULSION OF MISSIONARIES, 1587 1 Japan is the country of gods, but has been receiving false teachings from Christian countries. This cannot be tolerated any further.
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
This is a popular solution
See solution
Check out a sample Q&A here
INTRODUCTION
VIEW
EXPLANATION
VIEW
CONCLUSION
VIEW
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
See solution
Check out a sample Q&A here