A. Division of the cell nucleus, results in two daughter nuclei, each have the   same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.  B. One two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome C. Clusters of microtubules radiating out from the poles in dividing cells. They are   present in animal cells, but not in the cells of flowering plants and most gymnosperms.  D. The breaking and rejoining of homologous (non sister) chromatids during   early meiotic prophase I, resulting in an exchange of genetic material.  E. The 2n cell that results from the union of n gametes in sexual reproduction. Species that are  not polyploidy have haploid gametes and diploid zygotes.  F. The stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II, in which the chromosomes   line up on the equatorial plane of the cell.  G. The condition of having one set of chromosomes per nucleus.  H. The complex of DNA, proteins and some RNA that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes.  I. Structures in the cell nucleus, composed of chromatin and containing the genes  J. Cyclic series of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell; consists of stages of  interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis  K. The first stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II; chromosomes become visible as distinct  structures, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and a spindle forms  L. An X-shaped site in a tetrad marking the location where homologous chromatids  previously underwent crossing over  M. A sex cell; in plants and animals, an egg or sperm.  N. Type of reproduction in which two gametes (usually, but not necessarily, contributed by  two different parents) fuse to form a zygote.  O. The chromosomal constitution of an individual; generally prepared by photographing the  chromosomes and arranging the homologous pairs according to size, centromere position  and pattern of bands.  P. Structure consisting mainly of microtubules that provides the framework for chromosome  movement during cell division  Q. Process in which a 2n cell undergoes two successive nuclear divisions, potentially  producing four nuclei; leads to the formation of gametes in animals and spores in plants.  R. A type of reproduction involving only one parent (genetically identical offspring.)  S. Stage of the cell cycle between successive mitotic divisions; Its subdivisions are the G1  (first gap), S (DNA synthesis) and G2 (second gap) phases.  T. Stage in interphase of the cell cycle during which DNA and other chromosomal  constituents are synthesized.  U. Chromosome complex formed by the synapsis of homologous chromosomes during  meiotic prophase I.  V. A population of cells descended by mitotic division from a single ancestral cell, or a  population of genetically identical organisms asexually propagated from a single  individual.

VOCABULARY: 
_____1. Asexual reproduction 
_____2. Asters 
_____3. Cell cycle
_____4. Cell plate
_____5. Centromere
_____6. Chiasma
_____7. Chromatid
_____8. Chromatin 
_____9. Chromosomes
_____10. Clone
_____11. Crossing over
_____12. Cytokinesis
_____13. Diploid
_____14. Fertilization
_____15. Gamete
_____16. Haploid
_____17. Interphase 
_____18. Karyotype 
_____19. Kinetochore
_____20. Meiosis 
_____21. Metaphase
_____22. Mitosis
_____23. Prophase
_____24. S phase
_____25. Sexual reproduction
_____26. Spindle
_____27. Synapsis
_____28. Telophase
_____29. Tetrad
_____30. Zygote
A. Division of the cell nucleus, results in two daughter nuclei, each have the 
 same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. 
B. One two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome
C. Clusters of microtubules radiating out from the poles in dividing cells. They are 
 present in animal cells, but not in the cells of flowering plants and most gymnosperms. 
D. The breaking and rejoining of homologous (non sister) chromatids during 
 early meiotic prophase I, resulting in an exchange of genetic material. 
E. The 2n cell that results from the union of n gametes in sexual reproduction. Species that are 
not polyploidy have haploid gametes and diploid zygotes. 
F. The stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II, in which the chromosomes 
 line up on the equatorial plane of the cell. 
G. The condition of having one set of chromosomes per nucleus. 
H. The complex of DNA, proteins and some RNA that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes. 
I. Structures in the cell nucleus, composed of chromatin and containing the genes 
J. Cyclic series of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell; consists of stages of 
interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis 
K. The first stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II; chromosomes become visible as distinct 
structures, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and a spindle forms 
L. An X-shaped site in a tetrad marking the location where homologous chromatids 
previously underwent crossing over 
M. A sex cell; in plants and animals, an egg or sperm. 
N. Type of reproduction in which two gametes (usually, but not necessarily, contributed by 
two different parents) fuse to form a zygote. 
O. The chromosomal constitution of an individual; generally prepared by photographing the 
chromosomes and arranging the homologous pairs according to size, centromere position 
and pattern of bands. 
P. Structure consisting mainly of microtubules that provides the framework for chromosome 
movement during cell division 
Q. Process in which a 2n cell undergoes two successive nuclear divisions, potentially 
producing four nuclei; leads to the formation of gametes in animals and spores in plants. 
R. A type of reproduction involving only one parent (genetically identical offspring.) 
S. Stage of the cell cycle between successive mitotic divisions; Its subdivisions are the G1 
(first gap), S (DNA synthesis) and G2 (second gap) phases. 
T. Stage in interphase of the cell cycle during which DNA and other chromosomal 
constituents are synthesized. 
U. Chromosome complex formed by the synapsis of homologous chromosomes during 
meiotic prophase I. 
V. A population of cells descended by mitotic division from a single ancestral cell, or a 
population of genetically identical organisms asexually propagated from a single 
individual. 
W. The condition of having two sets of chromosomes per nucleus. 
X. Stage of cell division in which the cytoplasm is divided to form two daughter cells. 
Y. Portion of the chromosome centromere to which the mitotic spindle fibers attach. 
Z. The process of physical association of homologous chromosomes during prophase I 
AA. The structure that forms during cytokinesis in plants, separating the two 
 daughter cells produced by mitosis. 
BB. Fusion of n gametes; results in the formation of a 2n zygote. 
CC. Specialized constricted region of a chromatid; contains the kinetochore. 
 In cells at prophase and metaphase, sister chromatids are joined in the 
 vicinity of their centromeres. 
DD. The last stage of mitosis, and of meiosis I and II, when, having reached the 
 poles, chromosomes become decondensed, and a nuclear envelope forms 
 around each group.