a. Consider a coal-fired power plant with the total capacity of 200 kW, capital cost of $1000/kW, the fixed charge rate of 0.1/yr, the heat rate of 9000 Btu/kWh, and the variable O&M cost of 0.4 ¢/kWh. The coal cost is $1.5/million Btu. The capacity factor (CF) of operation of the plant is 0.6. What is the minimum electricity price that should be offered to the power grid? b. As mentioned above, the heat rate of the power plant is 9000 Btu/kWh (i.e., 9495 kJ/kWh). The utilized coal contains 80 percent carbon and has a heating value of 30,000 kJ/kg. Let us assume 70 percent of the CO₂ is filtered before being sent to the environment. Considering the total capacity and capacity factor of the plant, determine the annual CO₂ emissions of the plant in kg given that the molecular weight of CO2 over that of C is 44/ 12. c. Considering that the plant should pay the penalty factor of $0.1/kg. CO2 for the CO2 emission, recalculate the minimum electricity price that should be offered to the power grid.

Suppose the cost of an incandescent bulb is 28 cents and that electricity costs 10.5 cents/kWh. Compact fluorescent lightbulbs (CFL), while they are more expensive, use 1/10 of the power for the same amount of illumination. What would be the maximum cost (in dollars) of a CFL such that the total cost (investment plus operating) would be the same for both CFL and incandescent 60 W bulbs? Assume both lightbulbs run for 1000 h.

A 100 MW combined-cycle plant with a heat rate of 7700 Btu/kWh operates with a 75% capacity factor. Natural gas fuel now costs $5 per million Btu. Annual 0&M is $0.004/kWh. The capital cost of the plant is $600/kw. The utility uses a fixed charge rate (FCR) of 0.13/yr. What is the annualised capital cost of the plant ($/yr)? b. What is the annual electricity production (kWh/yr)? c. What is the annual fuel and 0&M cost ($/kWh)? d. What is the current cost of electricity from the plant ($/kWh)? If fuel and 0&M costs escalate at 5% per year and the utility uses a discount rate of 0.15/yr, what will be the levelised busbar cost of electricity from this plant over its 30-year life? a. e.