Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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- List the local effectors of enzyme kinetics and give an example for one of them.arrow_forwardPlease handraw this graph with all the necessary detailed information: Imagine that I text enzyme rate for four different temperatures: 10 degrees celsius, 20 degrees celsisus, 30 degree celsius, and 40 degree celsius, in separate tubes. The enzyme appears to work faster as temperature increases, but completely ceases activity at 40 degrees celcius. Sketch a graph to show this outcome, but here you will graph product formation (nmoles/mL) vs. time (minutes). The graph should be 4 lines and HANDDRAWN. Include a legend if necessary. You do not need precise quantitivate values, but most show the correct trends on the graph.arrow_forwardPlease name the differences between competitive and noncompetitive inhibition.arrow_forward
- Identify the different factors influencing enzymes including inhibitors, pH, and temperature.arrow_forwardDraw the graphs representing activity behavior for each uncompetitive Inhibition, non-competitive Inhibition, and competitive Inhibition. Please use a ruler, draw, photograph, and insert the image in this document. Label x and y axes, Km and Vmax.arrow_forwardDescribe the specific multi-enzyme example discussed in class of how enzyme activity can be altered by changing its substrate to product ratio.arrow_forward
- (a) You are given the following experimental measurements for the effects of an inhibitor on the initial velocity of an enzymatic reaction. Plot the data and determine what type of inhibition is being observed. Label all axes. [S] (MM) Vo (mM • Vo with I present (mM ⚫s-¹) 1 2.8 3 6.0 1.0 2.5 4 7.0 3.1 8 9.9 12 11.5 4.8 5.7 (b) Briefly explain how varying [S] can be used to determine whether an inhibitor is uncompetitive or competitive. Be sure to include in your explanation why this method would work.arrow_forwardThe catalytic activity of enzymes depends on the presence of appropriate environmental conditions. Pepsin is a digestive enzyme found in the stomach and facilitates the digestion of large proteins. If pepsin is removed from this acidic environment of the stomach and is instead placed in a more basic environment, it will cease to function. Describe the specific effect that a change in environmental pH will have on pepsin and explain how this change can lead to inhibition of its catalytic activity. Respond in 4 to 6 complete sentences.arrow_forwardOne of the hallmarks of competitive inhibition is that there is constant competition betweenthe substrate and the inhibitor for binding to the enzyme active site.a) If [inhibitor] >> [substrate], which compound “wins” (i.e., occupies the active site a greaterpercentage of the time)?b) If [substrate] >> [inhibitor], which compound “wins” (i.e., occupies the active site a greaterpercentage of the time)?arrow_forward
- What is the relative inhibition of an enzyme by a competitive inhibitor at [S] = KS and [I] = KI?arrow_forwardAn inhibitor was added to an enzyme and the expected rate of the reaction was not detected and the substrate was not utilized at all. This inhibitor is (choose one answer only): Is un-competitive, meaning the inhibitor binds to a site near the active site. Is competitive, meaning the inhibitor binds directly to the same active site as the subtrate. Is non-competitive, meaning the inhibitor binds to site other than the active site as the subtrate. Is irreversible, meaning the inhibitor binds covalently to the enzyme keeping the enzyme inactive permanently.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are characteristics of catabolic metabolic pathways? (Choose all correct answers). Overall oxidation of initial substrates so redox reactions involve use of NAD+ as oxidizing agent, converted to NADH. Large initial substrates are broken down to smaller final products. Overall reduction of intial substrates so redox reactions involve use of NADPH as reducing agent, converted to NADP+. The pathways are overall exergonic (negative delta G). Net production of ATP as a result of the pathway. Essentially irreversiblearrow_forward
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