A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of hypnotism in reducing pain. Previous studies show that measurements of pain are normally distributed. Measurements are taken from randomly selected subjects and the results are given in the accompanying table. At the 0.05 significance level, test the daim that the sensory measurements are lower after hypnotism. (The values are before and after hypnosis; the measurements are in centimeters on a pain scale.) Does hypnotism appear to be effective in reducing pain? CD E A B 6.6 | 6.5 | 9.0 10.3 11.3 8.1 6.8 2.4 7.4 G Subject Before H 6.3 11.6 After 8.5 8.1 6.1 3.4 2.0 Difference -0.2 | 4.1 1.6 1.8 3.2 2 2.9 9.6

A researcher was interested in finding out whether students’ sense of belonging in a course differed between students attending classes on campus and students attending classes on Zoom. They recruited five students attending classes on campus and five students attending classes on Zoom to test this. Students were asked to complete a survey measuring how much they felt like they belonged in the course. The scale ranged from 0 (not at all) to 10 (very much). Students’ data, which were non-normal, are provided below. Campus Zoom 3 7 2 5 7 4 1 8 6 9   What is your obtained statistic?A) 19.5B) 35.5C) 3D) 10   What is your critical statistic?A) 17B) 19C) 0D) 1 What is your conclusion?A) Students taking the course on campus reported a significantly lower sense of belonging compared to students taking the course on Zoom.B) Students taking the course on campus reported a significantly higher sense of belonging compared to students taking the course on Zoom.C) Sense of belonging…

. Do patients with gastrointestinal issues experience more psychological distress than the general population?   The DASS-21 questionnaire is a validated measure of depression, anxiety, and stress. For the general population, the mean for anxiety is µ = 4.2. Anxiety levels are calculated based on self-reported answers to questions on a scale from 0 through 42, with lower scores indicating lower anxiety.   Participants with gastrointestinal issues (specifically inflammatory bowel disease, IBD) completed the DASS-21. Use the data presented below to determine whether having gastrointestinal issues like IBD significantly increases risk for anxiety. Test whether or not the performance of this sample is significantly higher than the normal population using the proper t-test.  Here are the data:   Anxiety scores: 12, 15, 10, 8, 10, 5, 10, 13, 4, 6   ANALYSES AND UNGRADED OPTIONAL GUIDING QUESTIONS: 1a. Identify the Indep.Variable:__                  Dep.Variable:__ Is it the Hypothesis…

A chemist measures the haptoglobin concentrations (in grams per liter) in the blood of eight healthy adults.  Following are the values: 1.82   3.32   1.07   1.27   0.49   3.79   0.15   1.98  At the 2% significance level, test the claim that the mean haptoglobin concentration in adults is less than two grams per liter.    What type of error could you have made in your decision?