A study compared the weight loss of people on a low-fat diet versus people on a low-carb diet. In a sample of 100 obese people on a low-fat diet the sample mean weight loss as 7.6 pounds with a standard deviation of 3.2 pounds. In another sample of 120 obese people on a low-carb diet the sample mean weight loss was 6.7 pounds with a standard deviation of 3.9 pounds. Write down all formulas and state the hypothesis a) Test the hypothesis, at the 5% level of significance, that there is a difference in the mean weight loss of using the 2 different diets.  b) What is the p-value?

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...