A steel beam has simple span of 10 m carrying an external load of 30 kN/m and a concentrated load of 200 kN acting at midspan . The beam is framed by 300 mm x 20 mm and 600 mm x 10 mm as shown in the figure below. Unit weight of steel is 77.102 kN/m³, fs = 138 MPa.     1. The total moment carried by the beam is,  a. 892.35 kN.m b. 783.34 kN.m c. 822.41 kN.m d. 934.33 kN.m 2. The required width of the 12 mm thick cover plate placed at the bottom and top of flanges neglecting the weight of the beam is,  a. 335 mm b. 285 mm c. 320 mm d. 295 mm 3. The theoretical length of the cover plate is.  a. 4.12 m b. 5.45 m c. 3.68 m d. 4.64 m 4. Find the minimum thickness of the 300 mm wide cover plate to be placed at the top and bottom if weight of the cover plate is neglected.  a. 10 mm b. 13 mm c. 8 mm d. 16 mm

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Methods to Determine Vertical Stress

The load applied to the soil is transferred to the underground. The presence of water at soil pores and solid grains above the soil are the primary components that are responsible for the effective load transfer. Due to the load acting, the internal component of the soil or the underground formations undergoes deformations or a tectonic shift. The amount of deformation depends upon the amount of load acting on the soil surface, which indeed, depends on the weight of everything present above the soil. Due to this, the underground soil element develops internal stresses which try to resist the tectonic changes.