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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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
Transcribed Image Text:A standardized classification system based on evolutionary trends and
relationships was established to group living things. Which of these justifies the
use of a standardized classification system?
This standardized classification allows for organisms with similar appearance to be
easily grouped.
This standardized classification allows for scientific agreement on grouping of
organisms worldwide.
This standardized classification does not provide a common mechanism for
scientists to use when collaborating.
The standardized classification system requires that no changes be made to a
species taxonomic placement after initial naming.
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- At the beginning of the Paleozoic era, animals underwent an adaptive radiation event, called the Cambrian explosion. During this relatively short span of geological time, the ancestors of most animal phyla arose. Classification of taxa at the rank of phylum is based largely on body plan, which is laid out during embryonic development. Answer the questions that follow: What environmental condition may have contributed to the Cambrian explosion? What is one evolutionary novelty (phenotypic trait) that also contributed to the Cambrian explosion? Genetic and developmental mechanisms also contributed to the Cambrian explosion. Before the Cambrian, animals were small with simple body plans (g., sponges and jellyfish). By the end of the period, larger animals with complex body forms had evolved (e.g., arthropods and vertebrates). Did the following genetic mechanisms impact the evolution of body plan complexity? Provide a brief explanation for each answer. gene duplication…arrow_forwardWhales and sharks both have dorsal fins which keep them stable while swimming through the water. This feature is very similar in both groups, despite them being only distantly related. The feature evolved independently in both groups. This is an example of a/an: Analagous structure Parallel evolution Homologous structure Preadaptationarrow_forwardShould more weight should be given to genetic data or to information derived from comparative anatomy (phenotypes) in regard to taxonomic classification?arrow_forward
- Construct a character matrix with at least five characters for organisms beetle, pigeon, perch, salamander, and a mouse. (Pay attention to eyes, legs, number legs, antennae, body type/form; not limited to here). Then construct a phylogenetic tree using the character matrix and map the synapomorphies.arrow_forwardPLEASE ANSWER THE QUESTION AND EXPLAIN SUCCINTLY IN 2 SENTENCESarrow_forwardA phylogenetic tree shows how long a given species has existed. Group of answer choices: True Falsearrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about classification (choose all that apply)? Group of answer choices it requires an understanding of evolution and inheritance it is used to help organize the vast amount of biological diversity it is fundamentally based on evolutionary relationships the designation of taxonomic groups never changes it was initially based on the assumption that morphologies are similar in related organismsarrow_forwardStructures shared by species because of descent from a common ancestor is referred to as... Group of answer choices homology cladistics analogy homoplasy taxonomyarrow_forwardWhich species concept defines a species as a group of individuals that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring? Morphological species concept Darwinian species concept Phylogenetic species concept Biological species conceptarrow_forward
- A polytomy of three taxa indicates three descendants evolved from their immediate common ancestor. True or Falsearrow_forwardAt the beginning of the Paleozoic era, animals underwent an adaptive radiation event, called the Cambrian explosion. During this relatively short span of geological time, the ancestors of most animal phyla arose. Classification of taxa at the rank of phylum is based largely on body plan, which is laid out during embryonic development. Answer the questions that follow: please answer all subquestions. What is one evolutionary novelty (phenotypic trait) that also contributed to the Cambrian explosion? Genetic and developmental mechanisms also contributed to the Cambrian explosion. Before the Cambrian, animals were small with simple body plans (g., sponges and jellyfish). By the end of the period, larger animals with complex body forms had evolved (e.g., arthropods and vertebrates). Did the following genetic mechanisms impact the evolution of body plan complexity? Provide a brief explanation for each answer. gene duplication events homeotic gene expressionarrow_forwardExplain why scientists assign species to a hierarchicalclassification system (e.g., kingdom, phylum, class).arrow_forward
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