A scientist is carrying out an experiment to determine the index of refraction for a partially reflective material. To do this, he aims a narrow beam of light at a sample of this material, which has a smooth surface. He then varies the angle of incidence. (The incident beam is traveling through air.) The light that gets reflected by the sample is completely polarized when the angle of incidence is 56.0°. (a) What index of refraction describes the material? n = (b) If some of the incident light (at ?i = 56.0°) enters the material and travels below the surface, what is the angle of refraction (in degrees)? in degrees °

X rays are typically used to kill off cancer cells, however an issue some radiologists run into is the damage an x-ray may do to surrounding tissue. Because of this, accuracy plays a key role in radiation therapy. Suppose you are a medical physicist, and you have been given the task of choosing a medium with a proper index of refraction to bend the x rays such that they only hit the tumor. Suppose you know that the x ray comes in at an angle of 20 degrees with respect to the normal of your second medium. You know the tumor expands out to 5 degrees on either side of the normal what is the minimum index of refraction needed for the x ray to hit the tumor

A ray of light crosses the boundary between some substance with n = 1.54 and air, going from the substance into air. If the angle of incidence is 29◦ what is the angle of refraction?   Calculate to 1decimal.

A light ray traveling in water is incident upon a transparent medium. The angle of incidence is 45.0°, and the transmitted ray is refracted at an angle of 20.0°. What is the speed of light in the transparent medium (in m/s)? X What is the index of refraction of the transparent medium? How is it related to the speed of light in vacuum and the speed of light in the medium? m/s

Consider a layer of Oil, Glass, and Air where the oil/glass boundary is parallel to the glass/air boundary. Let the index of refraction for the glass be 1.48 and the index of refraction for the oil to be 1.25. At what angle relative to the normal should a ray of light be directed upon the oil/glass interface such that it strikes the glass/air interface at the critical angle?

A ray of light is incident on an air/water interface. The ray makes an angle of θ1 = 29 degrees with respect to the normal of the surface. The index of the air is n1 = 1 while water is n2 = 1.33. Write an expression for the reflection angle ψ, with respect to the surface.

chapter 25: Problem 9: A beam of light moves through a slab of glass as shown in the figure. The index of refraction of the glass is ng = 1.5. The index of refraction of air is na = 1. The incident angle of the light is θi = 44°. a) If the refraction angle of the light at the upper surface of the slab is θ1, express sinθ1 in terms of θi, na, and ng.  b) The incident angle of the light on the lower surface of the slab is θ2. What is the relation between θ1 and θ2?  c) The refraction angle of the light on the lower surface of the slab is θf. Express sin(θf) in terms of θ2, na, and ng.

An engineer is carrying out an experiment to determine the index of refraction for a partially reflective material. To do this, she aims a narrow beam of light at a sample of this material, which has a smooth surface. She then varies the angle of incidence. (The incident beam is traveling through air.) The light that gets reflected by the sample is completely polarized when the angle of incidence is 59.5°. (a)What index of refraction describes the material? n =  (b)If some of the incident light (at ?i = 59.5°) enters the material and travels below the surface, what is the angle of refraction (in degrees)?

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