A retaining wall retains 20 m of a backfill, γ = 17.7 KN/m3, φ = 22° with a uniform horizontal surface. Assume the wall interface to be vertical. The water table lies at a depth of 6 m from the top and the saturated unit weight of the backfill material is 19 KN/m3. If the backfill surface carries a uniformly distributed load (surcharge) of 4.5 KN/m2, Calulate the magnitude and point of application of the total lateral earth force per unit length in rest condition.

A rigid retaining wall of 6 m height (Fig. Ex. 11.11) has two layers of backfill. The top layer to a depth of 1.5 m is sandy clay having = 20°, c = 12.15kN/m² and y 16.4kN/m³ The bottom layer is sand having = 30°, c =0, and y = 17.25kN/m³Determine the total active earth pressure acting on the wall and draw the pressure distribution diagram. 1.5 m 6 m GL c= 12.15 kN/m² 1.5 m y = 16.4 kN/m³ y = 17.25 kN/m³ = 30°,c=0 FE Sand 4.5 m TAVIAVAVAVAVA Sandy = 20° clay 8.2 kN/m² Figure Ex. 11.11 -34.1 kN/m².

A retaining wall supports a horizontal backfill that is composed of two types of soil. The first layer is 4.79 meters high. It has a unit weight of 16.61 kN/m3. The second layer is 6.58 meters and has a unit weight of 18.72 kN/m3. If the angle of friction for both layers is 34°, determine the total active force (kN) acting on the retaining wall per unit width. Final answer should be in two decimal places.

The following figure shows a section of an anchored retaining wall embedded into a saturated stiff clay layer. The sand has a unit weight of = 18 kN/m³, c' = 0 kPa and o' = 34º. The clay has a unit weight of = 20 kN/m³, c₁ = 80 kPa and = 0°. A uniform pressure of 40 kPa is applied on the soil surface. The short term stability of the wall is considered in an undrained analysis. Use the Rankin's theory of lateral earth pressure to determine the active and passive horizontal stresses. You should apply the requirements of AS 4678 and the partial factors of safety method in estimation of soil pressures. Assume the soil is in-situ and use a structural classification factor of ₁ = 1. 3m 1m Water table 1.5m 40 kPa Not to Scale Sand Clay Ta

Assume a smooth retaining wall as shown below. Calculate the hydrostatic force acting on the right side of the wall in kN per unit length (considering a 1 m length in the out-of-plane direction). The soil properties shown in the figure apply to either side of the wall  g = 9.81m/s2

A vertical retaining wall 8.8 meters high retains a horizontal backfill having the following properties: Void ratio = 0.64; Specific Gracvity = 2.64; Water Content = 28 %; Angle of internal Friction = 31°. Compute the location of the active force in meters from the bottom of the wall acting on it if the water table is 3.0 meters below the ground surface.