A researcher would like to evaluate whether a pain-relief patch designed for lower back pain is effective at lowering pain. Prior to testing the patch, each of n = 8 patients rates the current level of back pain on a scale from 1 to 10 (lower values indicate lower pain). After wearing the patch for 90 minutes, a second pain rating is recorded. The data are as follows: Before After 5 2 7 3 8 4 7 1 4 2 3 8. 8. 7

a) The null hypothesis for this test would be: b) The alternative hypothesis? c) What is the value of the test statistic, Z?

1. A marketing manager for a cell phone company claims that more than 35% of children aged 10 – 11 have cell phones. In a survey of 5000 randomly selected children ages 10 – 11, 1805 of them had cell phones. Based on the sample data, can you conclude that the manager's claim is true? Use a 1% level of significance. a. Define the population proportion to be tested and write the null and alternative hypotheses. b. Check the conditions required for the test.

1.) State the null and alternative hypotheses. 2.) Identify test statistic and p-value. 3.) Make a decision, reject ho or not? 4.) Summarize the results in a sentence.

a. Let p denote the population proportion of correct hand selections by touch therapists. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses to test the claim that touch therapists use a method equivalent to random guesses. b. Identify the test statistic. c. Identify the​ P-value. d.  State the conclusion about the null​ hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Address whether the results suggest that touch therapists are effective.

At most 52% of people support stricter gun laws. Express the null and alternative hypotheses in symbolic form for this claim (enter as a percentage).

1.     You have recently had a debate with a friend about who uses smartphones the most. Your friend believes that men use smartphones more than women.  After conducting a research study you find that out of 973 randomly sampled men, 379 use smartphones. Out of 1,304 randomly sampled women, 404 used smartphones. Based on a 95% confidence level, after hypothesis testing, what would you tell your friend? a. Which test will you use to test for this statistical analysis? b.State the null and alternative hypothesis: i.H0: ii.Ha c.What is the value of the test statistic?

A random sample of 88 adults is classified according to gender and the number of hours of television watched during a week. Use a 0.01 level of significance and test the hypothesis that the time spent watching television is independent of whether the viewer is male or female. Click the icon to view the contingency table. Write the hypotheses for the test. Ho: The time spent watching television is independent of gender. H₁: The time spent watching television is not independent of gender. The test statistic is x² = ☐]. (Round to two decimal places as needed.)

I. Identify the claim in symbolic form, hypotheses in symbolic form, appropriate analysis, and the tail of the distribution for thefollowing situation. For the appropriate analysis, choose among the following choices:• t-Test for one population mean• z-Test for one population mean• t-Test for two dependent population means • z-Test for two independent population means• t-Test for two independent population mean For the tail of the distribution, choose among the following choices:• two-tailed• left-tailed• right-tailed 4. The effectiveness of the Weight Watchers diet is tested in an experiment, and for each subject, the weight before the dietand the weight after the diet are recorded.a. Claim: ___________b. Ho: _________________________Ha: _________________________c. Analysis: _________________________d. Tail of the distribution: _________________________

Past studies have indicated that the percentage of smokers is estimated to be about 35%. Given the new smoking cessation programs that have been implemented, you now believe that the percentage of smokers has reduced.a) If you going to test this claim at the 0.05 significance level, what would be your null and alternative hypotheses?H0: _______               H1: _______              b) What type of hypothesis test should you conduct (left-, right-, or two-tailed)? left-tailed right-tailed two-tailed