A nuchal torus, large supraorbital torus, thick cranial bones, a sagittal keel, and shovel shaped incisors are associated with which of the following fossil hominids? Homo sapiens neanderthalensis Robust australopithecines Gracile australopithecines Homo habilis Homo erectus

1. Homo erectus was likely the first hominin to successfully migrate to regions beyond Africa. Discuss 3 ways the biology and culture of Homo erectus led to its success on three major continents with varying environments.

87. Characteristics frequently found among modern Asian populations that are also seen at high frequencies in Homo erectus include   small molars and large incisors.   large molars and small incisors.   dental prognathism and large third molars.   shovel shaped incisors.   a sagittal crest.

18.

102. The cranial capacity of Archiac Homo sapiens is approximately   1200 cc   900 cc   1450 cc   700 cc   1520 cc

5. Which of the following characteristics separate "Classic" (European) Neanderthals from Neanderthal remains outside of Europe (i.e., those from SW Asia and the Middle East)?   an occipital bun   a chin   a sagittal crest   stature   a sagittal keel

73. The 3.8 million year old find from Laetoli, Tanzania, provides evidence for which of the following?   A foramen magnum at the base of the skull (as opposed to towards the back).   An "S"-shaped spinal column.   A cupped pelvis (hips), and a femur (upper leg bone) that angles under our body.   A big toe that is aligned with the rest of the toes, and both a longitudinal and transverse arch in the foot.   All of the above

Briefly discuss at least two possible explanations for why bipedalism may have initially developed, and clarify at least two ways in which bipedalism paved the way for further important developments in hominin evolution

Match the hominin species with the characters they exhibit. Though each option might apply to more than one species, each character is only used once. Australopithecus robustus [Choose ] V Postorbital constriction Cranial capacity 700+cc Anterior pillars Short, wide palate Hyper-thick molar enamel and molarized premolars Australopithecus boisei Homo rudolfensis [Choose ] Australopithecus africanus [Choose ] Homo habilis [Choose]

4:28 Gibbons Orangutans Gorillas Chimpanzees Humans Other hominids Last common ancestor of apes and humans