A new water supply main is being planned for a new city of 2 million population and average per capita water demand of 300 litres per day. The water source is located 50 km from the newly planned city at similar elevation as the city. Water is proposed to be conveyed using two number of 100 cm diameter cast iron pipeline in parallel. Assume water density of 1,000 kg/m3 and viscosity of 1.0 x 10-3 kg/m-s. Determine the following: a. The total head loss (in m) during this conveyance of water in each pipeline. Use Colebrook equation to calculate frictional factor. b. The total electrical power (in MW for both pipeline) required to pump this water over 50 km distance assuming combined pump-motor efficiency of 70%. c. If the maximum pressure allowed in the pipeline is 1 MPa, how many pump stations (minimum numbers) are required along the 50 km distance pipeline instead of just one large pump.

A new water supply main is being planned for a new city of 2 million population and average per capita water demand of 300 litres per day. The water source is located 50 km from the newly planned city at similar elevation as the city. Water is proposed to be conveyed using two number of 100 cm diameter cast iron pipeline in parallel. Assume water density of 1,000 kg/m3 and viscosity of 1.0 x 10-3 kg/m-s. Determine the following:

a. The total head loss (in m) during this conveyance of water in each pipeline. Use Colebrook equation to calculate frictional factor.

b. The total electrical power (in MW for both pipeline) required to pump this water over 50 km distance assuming combined pump-motor efficiency of 70%.

c. If the maximum pressure allowed in the pipeline is 1 MPa, how many pump stations (minimum numbers) are required along the 50 km distance pipeline instead of just one large pump.

d. If the two pipes are replaced by just one pipe, what should be the minimum diameter of the pipe under similar pumping power (mm) requirements. (Hint: assume similar total power requirements as the two-pipeline system above.)