A large piece of biological tissue has to be kept at a temperature as low as possible without freezing (ice formation). The water in the tissue has several solutes dissolved in it and the effective molecular weight of the dissolved solutes is 50. The weight of all dissolved solutes combined is 10% of the weight of water. The latent heat of fusion of water is 335 kJ/kg and the molecular weight of water is 18. What is the lowest temperature that this tissue can be stored at, without ice formation?

PROBLEM 2 In general, the disposal of hot streams to the environment is not a good a practice due to the risk of violating EPA regulations and also, it represents as waste of potential useful energy. For example, raising the temperature of lakes, rivers, and atmosphere have negative consequences on the ecosystems. In this problem, a gas stream at 500°C contains eight percent mole carbon monoxide and the balance carbon dioxide. Before disposing this gas mixture stream into the atmosphere, it makes sense to recover some of its energy first. To achieve this we will use a heat exchanger where the gas stream flows across the tubes. Water flows inside the tubes entering at 25°C and it is fed at a ratio of 0.2 mole water per mole of the hot gas. The water is heating to its boiling point forming saturated steam at five bar. The steam produced can be used for heating or power generation in the facilities or as the feed for another unit operation. You can assume that heat exchanger is thermally…

A sample of oxygen (O2) of mass 1 g is contained in a 1000 cm3 volume at an initialtemperature of 288.15 K. Take the oxygen to be a perfect gas, with a molar mass of32 ×10−3kg/mol and a constant specific heat ratio of 1.40.(a) Compute the density (kg/m3) and pressure (kPa) of the gas at the initial state.(b) Calculate the changes in pressure (kPa) and internal energy (J), when the systemundergoes a process that produces a final volume of 60 cm3 and a final temperatureof 400 K.