A He–Ne laser beam is reflected from the surface of a CD onto a wall. The brightest spot is the reflected beam at an angle equal to the angle of incidence. However, fringes are also observed, at different angles of reflection. The wavelength of a He-Ne laser is λ = 633 nm.    If the wall is 1.35 m from the CD, and the first fringe is 0.58 m from the central maximum, what is the spacing of grooves on the CD, in meters?  d =

Q: What are the angles for the first three maxima of a diffraction grating with 2500 lines/cm and light…

A: Given data: The diffraction grating is x=2500 lines/cm. The wavelength of light is λ=410 nm.

Q: A single crystal of cesium is bombarded with CuCu Kα X‑rays with a wavelength of 1.54 Å.1.54 Å. If…

A: According to the Bragg’s equation, 2dsinθ=nλsinθ=nλ2dθ=sin-1nλ2d

Q: In a biprism experiment the distance between the 4th and 13th bright fringes is measured when light…

A: To find-Wavelength of light (λ2)=?Given-(X13-X4)λ1=X15-X5λ2λ1=6000 A0λ1=6×10-7 m

Q: A beam of parallel light is incident normally on a diffraction grating having 550 lines per mm. A…

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Q: The limit to the eye's acuity is actually related to diffraction by the pupil. What is the angle…

A: Given data: Diameter of pupil D = 5.25 mm Wavelength λ=539 nm Distance between headlights x = 1.60 m…

Q: The parallel grooves of information on the shiny side of a DVD or music CD reflect light just like a…

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Q: It is intended to determine what type of white pigment has been used as a colorant in a…

A: Solution: Use the x ray diffraction relation. 2dsinθ=nλ…

Q: The neon spectrum is very rich in the visible region. Among the many lines present, we can highlight…

A: Given, the neon spectrum is very rich in the visible region. Among the many lines present, we can…

Q: One arm of a Michelson interferometer has a section of length 2.48 cm where the air can be…

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Q: In an interference experiment using a monochromatic source emitting light of wavelength à, the…

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Q: The limit to the eye's acuity is actually related to diffraction by the pupil. What is the angle…

A: Given data :  Wavelength lambda = 554 nm  Diameter of pupil D = 4.75 mm  By using formulae we can…

Q: In an interference experiment using a monochromatic source emitting light of wavelength 2, the…

A: Write the expression for the fringe width. Here, m is the order, λ is the wavelength, D is the…

Q: Calculate the (a) upper and (b) lower limit of the Brewster angle for white light incident on fused…

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Q: X rays of wavelength 0.12 nm are found to undergo secondorder reflection at a Bragg angle of 28°…

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Q: A.  An x-ray beam with wavelength 0.130 nm is directed at a crystal. As the angle of incidence…

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Q: Under what conditions will a person observe no reflected light? Assume that ttt is the film…

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Q: A He–Ne laser beam is reflected from the surface of a CD onto a wall. The brightest spot is the…

A: Given: To find the grooves spacing in the CD is given as, Here,  CD is act as a diffraction grating…

Q: A sheet of glass with index of refraction, nglass= 1.51, is covered by a thin soap film with index…

A: nglass = 1.51 nfilm = 1.29

Q: If a laser with a wavelength of /\ = 6.33 x 10-7 m is shone through a pair of narrow slits with…

A: Step 1:Wavelength is 6.33×10−7mSeparation is 1×10−5mStep 2:The formula for the position of the…

Q: A plane light wave 0.691 µm is incident normally on a diaphragm with a circular aperture 3.2 cm in…

A: Wavelength=0.691muo.m Diameter circular aperture=3.2cm Radius=1.6cm

Q: A helium−neon laser (λ = 632.8 nm) is used to calibrate a diffraction grating. If the first-order…

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Q: A composite light source is directed at a diffraction grating with a grating constant of 230…

A: Given Information:- Grating constant is  N=230 lines /mm ⇒N=230 lines/ mm×103 mm1 m ⇒N=2.30×105…

Q: To avoid aliasing, the maximum allowed sampling periods of an image are dx =dy=0.2mm Calculate the…

A: 1. Given The sampling period of an image are  dx = dy = 0.2 mm

Q: Consider a symmetric slab waveguide, of core index = 3.6, and cladding/substrate index = 3.55. The…

A: When a question with multiple subparts is given then, according to the guidelines, only the first…

Q: Light from an argon laser strikes a diffraction grating that has 5 310 grooves/cm. The central and…

A: The width of the groove is

Q: A parallel X-ray beam is diffracted by sodium chloride. Strong first-order is obtained when the…

A: The given data   The Bragg's angle θ = 6°50' The distance between the planes is d = 2.8A °=2.8×10-10…

Q: One leg of a Michelson interferometer contains an evacuated cylinder of length L, =0.45m having…

A: Given, Length, L=0.45m Number of fringes, N=158 Wavelength, λ=450×10-9m The number of wavelengths…

Q: A thin film of index nflm 1.40 coats a thick glass plate of index n, 'glass 1.50. g The film is…

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Q: In a laboratory, light from a particular spectrum line of helium passes through a diffraction…

A: Condition for diffraction maximum for the light in the laboratory and from the galaxy dsinθ=mλ…

Q: A transmission grating is a square of side of 2 cm, and is an opaque screen containing parallel…

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Q: If a diffraction grating with 300 lines/mm is illuminated with beam of white light, and the 2nd…

A: Given: Grating : 300 lines/mm Wavelength λ=500 nm To find  Separation at wavelength of 400 nm and…

Q: A source containing a mixture of hydrogen and deuterium atoms emits light at two wavelengths whose…

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Q: Babinet's principle says that the diffraction pattern observed when light strikes an aperture of any…

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Q: In the laser range-finding experiments, the laser beam fired toward the moon spreads out as it…

A: Given Data: The diameter is, d=1 km The wavelength is, λ=532 nm The earth and the moon distance is,…

Q: An x-ray beam of a certain wavelength is incident on a NaCl crystal, at 24.0° to a certain family of…

A: Bragg's law of diffraction states that:nλ=2dSinθn=1d=39.8pm =39.8 ×10-12 m (spacing in between…

Q: One arm of a Michelson interferometer has a section of length 2.17 cm where the air can be…

A: If one of the arms of the Michelson interferometer is moved by distance d, then the number of…

Q: White light is incident from air onto a triangular prism at a 55.0º angle with respect to the…

A: Given, The angle of the prism: A=60° Incident angle: i1=55° Refractive index for red light: μr=1.45…

Q: A laser beam with wavelength λ = 550 nm hits a grating with n = 2250 grooves per centimeter. Part…

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Q: The width of the central peak in a single-slit diffraction pattern is 5.0 mm. The wavelength of the…

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Q: What is the smallest Bragg angle for x rays of wavelength 30 pm to reflect from reflecting planes…

A: From Bragg's lawWe have,nλ=2dSinθ      equation 1here, λ wavelength of lightd is plane spacingand θ…

Q: In a Newton’s-rings experiment, a plano-convex glass (n = 1.52) lens having radius r = 5.00 cm is…

A: Thickness of the lens

Q: A thin sheet of transparent material has an index of refraction of 1.40 and is 15.0 µm thick. When…

A: Four fringe shifts will occur when the optical path in one arm of a Michelson’s interferometer…

Diffraction of light

In physics, the term diffraction is defined as the bending of light around the corners of the obstacle. As a light ray passes by an aperture, it bends around the edges or through slits, it spreads out through a narrow opening. The diffracted light will produce fringes of bright and dark or colored bands which are labeled as a diffraction pattern.