College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Bartleby Related Questions Icon

Related questions

Question
100%
### Educational Exercise on GPS Satellite Motion and Relativity

A global positioning system (GPS) satellite moves in a circular orbit with a period of 11 hours and 58 minutes. We are considering that the mass of the Earth is \(5.98 \times 10^{24} \text{ kg}\), and the radius of the Earth is \(6.37 \times 10^6 \text{ m}\).

#### Questions:

**(a)** Determine the radius of its orbit (in meters).

- **Radius (r):** \(\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \text{ m}\)

**(b)** Determine its speed (in meters per second).

- **Speed (v):** \(\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \text{ m/s}\)

**(c)** The nonmilitary GPS signal is broadcast at a frequency of 1,575.42 MHz in the reference frame of the satellite. When it is received on the Earth’s surface by a GPS receiver, what is the fractional change in this frequency due to time dilation as described by special relativity?

- \(\frac{\Delta f}{f} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\)

**(d)** The gravitational "blueshift" of the frequency according to general relativity is a separate effect. It is called a blueshift to indicate a change to a higher frequency. The magnitude of that fractional change is given by:

\[
\frac{\Delta f}{f} = \frac{\Delta U_g}{mc^2}
\]

Where \(\Delta U_g\) is the change in gravitational potential energy of an object–Earth system when the object of mass \(m\) is moved between the two points where the signal is observed. Calculate this fractional change in frequency due to the change in position of the satellite from the Earth's surface to its orbital position.

- \(\frac{\Delta f}{f} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\)

**(e)** What is the overall fractional change in frequency due to both time dilation and gravitational blueshift?

- \(\frac{\Delta f}{f} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\)
expand button
Transcribed Image Text:### Educational Exercise on GPS Satellite Motion and Relativity A global positioning system (GPS) satellite moves in a circular orbit with a period of 11 hours and 58 minutes. We are considering that the mass of the Earth is \(5.98 \times 10^{24} \text{ kg}\), and the radius of the Earth is \(6.37 \times 10^6 \text{ m}\). #### Questions: **(a)** Determine the radius of its orbit (in meters). - **Radius (r):** \(\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \text{ m}\) **(b)** Determine its speed (in meters per second). - **Speed (v):** \(\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \text{ m/s}\) **(c)** The nonmilitary GPS signal is broadcast at a frequency of 1,575.42 MHz in the reference frame of the satellite. When it is received on the Earth’s surface by a GPS receiver, what is the fractional change in this frequency due to time dilation as described by special relativity? - \(\frac{\Delta f}{f} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\) **(d)** The gravitational "blueshift" of the frequency according to general relativity is a separate effect. It is called a blueshift to indicate a change to a higher frequency. The magnitude of that fractional change is given by: \[ \frac{\Delta f}{f} = \frac{\Delta U_g}{mc^2} \] Where \(\Delta U_g\) is the change in gravitational potential energy of an object–Earth system when the object of mass \(m\) is moved between the two points where the signal is observed. Calculate this fractional change in frequency due to the change in position of the satellite from the Earth's surface to its orbital position. - \(\frac{\Delta f}{f} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\) **(e)** What is the overall fractional change in frequency due to both time dilation and gravitational blueshift? - \(\frac{\Delta f}{f} = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\)
Expert Solution
Check Mark
Still need help?
Follow-up Questions
Read through expert solutions to related follow-up questions below.
Follow-up Question

need help on d and e?

Solution
Bartleby Expert
by Bartleby Expert
SEE SOLUTION
Follow-up Questions
Read through expert solutions to related follow-up questions below.
Follow-up Question

need help on d and e?

Solution
Bartleby Expert
by Bartleby Expert
SEE SOLUTION
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Physics
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
University Physics (14th Edition)
Physics
ISBN:9780133969290
Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Publisher:PEARSON
Text book image
Introduction To Quantum Mechanics
Physics
ISBN:9781107189638
Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.
Publisher:Cambridge University Press
Text book image
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Lecture- Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9780321820464
Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina Brissenden
Publisher:Addison-Wesley
Text book image
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...
Physics
ISBN:9780134609034
Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher:PEARSON