A flow calorimeter is a device used to measure the specific heat of a liquid. Energy is added as heat at a known rate to a stream of the liquid as it passes through the calorimeter at a known rate. Measurement of the resulting temperature difference between the inflow and the outflow points of the liquid stream enables us to compute the specific heat of the liquid. Suppose a liquid of density 0.86 g/cm³ flows through a calorimeter at the rate of 8.1 cm³/s. When energy is added at the rate of 200 W by means of an electric heating coil, a temperature difference of 18°C is established in steady-state conditions between the inflow and the outflow points. What is the specific heat of the liquid? Number Units

A gas chamber is to be designed to separate two gases with the following specifications: Hot gas temperature 1145°C Cold gas temperature 45°C Hot gas heat transfer coefficient 230 W/m² K Cold gas heat transfer coefficient 290 W/m² K Metal wall thermal conductivity 115 W/m K If the maximum temperature of the wall on the hot side does not exceed 545°C, using thermal resistance concept, what thickness should the metal wall between the hot gas and cold gas be in mm?

Problem 21. Newton's law of cooling states that the temperature of an object changes at a rate proportional to the difference between its temperature and that of its sur- roundings. Suppose that the temperature of a cup of coffee obeys Newton's law of cooling. The coffee has a temperature of 80°C when freshly poured, and 1 min later has cooled to 70°C, when the temperature outdoors is 0°C. (a) Write an initial value problem for this model. (b) Determine the time when the coffee reaches a temperature of 40°C. (Note: Begin the solution by stating your notation).

You take an aluminum cylinder with a mass m = (315± 2) g out of a furnace at temperature T = (250 ± 5)C °and place it in a large bath of cool water. The final 1 temperature of the cylinder and water is T2 = (29 ±1) C° . How much heat flows from the cylinder to the water, and what are the absolute and relative errors in the heat transfer out of the cylinder? The heat transfer is given by Q = mc T ∆where ∆T is the change in temperature and c = (0.215± 0.005)cal/g C is ⋅t°he specific heat of aluminum.

In an experiment measuring the latent heat of fusion of water, the following procedure was followed. Ice cube of mass 35.0 g at an initial temperature of 0.0°C is dropped into 225.0 g of 65.0°C water in an aluminum container. The mass of the aluminum container is 44 .0 g and the final equilibrium temperature is 46.0℃. Determine whether any heat is lost or gained in this experiment to the environment. If yes, how much? (For water: c = 1.00 cal/g×°C and Lf = 77.9 cal/g; for Al: c = 0.215 cal/g×°C

1. Thermography is a technique for measuring radiant heat and detecting variations in surface temperatures that may be medically, environmentally, or militarily meaningful. (a) What is the percent increase in the rate of heat transfer by radiation from a given area at a temperature of 34.3 deg C compared with that at 33.5 deg C, such as on a person's skin? % Increase = % (b) What is the percent increase in the rate of heat transfer by radiation from a given area at a temperature of 34 deg C compared with that at 20.3 deg C, such as for warm and cool automobile hoods? % Increase= %

We know from Newton's Law of Cooling that the rate at which an object warms up is proportional to the difference between the ambient temperature of the room and the temperature of the object. The differential equation corresponding to this situation is given by y' = k(M – y) where k is a positive constant. The solution to this equation is given by y = M + (yo – M)e-kt , where yo is the initial temperature of the object. Suppose your Thanksgiving turkey is kept at a temperature of 40 degrees Fahrenheit until it is put into a 350 degree Fahrenheit oven. It takes 2 hours for the turkey to warm up to a safe eating temperature of 165 degrees Fahrenheit. Find the values of yo, M, and k, for this situation, rounding your answers to 3 decimal places. Yo= M = k= Regardless of your answers above, suppose the k value in this situation is k = 0.3. Find the initial rate of increase of the turkey's temperature as soon as it is placed in the oven. Round to 3 decimal places. degrees per hour.

The amount of heat per second conducted from the blood capillaries beneath the skin to the surface is 210 J/s. The energy is transferred a distance of 1.7 x 10-3 m through a body whose surface area is 1.6 m². Assuming that the thermal conductivity is that of body fat, determine the temperature difference between the capillaries and the surface of the skin. Number i Units

The concrete slab of a basement is 11 m long and 8 m wide, and 0.20 m thick. During the winter, temperatures are nominally 17°C and 10°C at the top and bottom surfaces, respectively. If the concrete has a thermal conductivity of 1.4 W/mK, what is the rate of heat loss through the slab? If the basement is heated by a gas furnace operation at an efficiency of 90%, and natural gas is priced at $0.02. MJ, what is the daily cost of the heat loss. Answer: QLOSS = 4.312 kW, COST = $8.28/day

A mass m of a metal with heat capacity CM at initial temperature T is added to the volume V of a liquid with density p and heat capacity c₁ at initial temperature T₁. What is the final temperature of the system?