A diffraction grating with 500 rulings per millimeter is illuminated with coherent laser light with a wavelength of 500 nm. At what angle is the first order bright spot? O A. 14.5° О В. 22.2° O C. 37.4° O D. 52.9°

A diffraction grating with 500 rulings per millimeter is illuminated with coherent laser light with a wavelength of 500 nm. At what angle is the first order bright spot? O A. 14.5° О В. 22.2° O C. 37.4° O D. 52.9°

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter36: Applications Of The Wave Model

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 27PQ

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Unreasonable Results (a) What visible wavelength has its fourth-order maximum at an angle of 25.0° when projected on a 25,000-line-per-centimeter diffraction grating? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?
Three discrete spectral lines occur at angles of 10.1, 13.7, and 14.8, respectively, in the first-order spectrum of a diffraction grating spectrometer. (a) If the grating has 3 660 slits/cm, what are the wavelengths of the light? (b) At what angles are these lines found in the second-order spectra?
(a) Find the angle between the first minima for the two sodium vapor lines, which have wavelengths of 589.1 and 589.6 nm, when they fall upon a single slit of width 2.00 m. (b) What is the distance between these minima if the diffraction pattern falls on a screen 1.00 m from the slit? (c) Discuss the ease or difficulty of measuring such a distance.
(a) Find the maximum number of lines per centimeter a diffraction grating can have and produce a maximum for the smallest wavelength of visible light. (b) Would such a grating be useful for ultraviolet spectra? (c) For infrared spectra?
A hydrogen gas discharge lamp emits visible light at four wavelengths, =410 , 434, 486, and 656 nm. (a) If light from this lamp falls on a N slits separated by 0.025 mm, how far from the central maximum are the third maxima when viewed on a screen 2.0 m from the slits? (b) By what distance are the second and third maxima separated for l=486 nm?
The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio telescope dishes in Catron and Socorro counties, New Mexico (Fig. P37.37). The antennas can be moved apart on railroad tracks, and their combined signals give the resolving power of a synthetic aperture 36.0 km in diameter. (a) If the detectors are tuned to a frequency of 1.40 GHz, what is the angular resolution of the VLA? (b) Clouds of interstellar hydrogen radiate at the frequency used in part (a). What must be the separation distance of two clouds at the center of the galaxy, 26 000 light-years away, if they are to be resolved? (c) What If? As the telescope looks up, a circling hawk looks down. Assume the hawk is most sensitive to green light having a wavelength of 500 nm and has a pupil of diameter 12.0 mm. Find the angular resolution of the hawks eye. (d) A mouse is on the ground 30.0 m below. By what distance must the mouses whiskers be separated if the hawk can resolve them? Figure P37.37
In Figure 38.4, assume the slit is in a barrier that is opaque to x-rays as well as to visible light. The photograph in Figure 38.4b shows the diffraction pattern produced with visible light. What will happen if the experiment is repeated with x-rays as the incoming wave and with no other changes? (a) The diffraction pattern is similar. (b) There is no noticeable diffraction pattern but rather a projected shadow of high intensity on the screen, having the same width as the slit. (c) The central maximum is much wider, and the minima occur at larger angles than with visible light. (d) No x-rays reach the screen.
Intense white light is incident on a diffraction grating that has 600. lines/mm. (a) What is the highest order in which the complete visible spectrum can be seen with this grating? (b) What is the angular separation between the violet edge (400. nm) and the red edge (700. nm) of the first-order spectrum produced by the grating?
(a) Find the angle of the third diffraction minimum for 633-nm light falling on a slit of width 20.0 m. (b) What slit width would place this minimum at 85.0°? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in Problem-Solving Strategies for Wave Optics
(a) What do the four angles in the above problem become if a 5000-line-per-centimeter diffraction grating is used? (b) Using this grating, what would the angles be for the second-order maxima? (c) Discuss the relationship between integral reductions in lines per centimeter and the new angles of various order maxima.
Sodiums emission lines at 589.0 nm and 589.6 nm pass through a diffraction grating and form two m = +1 maxima on a viewing screen. Would the spacing between the two lines increase, decrease, or remain unchanged (indicate your answers with I. D. or U) if the grating is exchanged (a) for one having fewer lines per millimeter, or (b) for one with twice the total number of lines? What if (c) the intensity of the light is doubled, or (d) the maxima are viewed in second order?
What If? Suppose light strikes a single slit of width a at an angle from the perpendicular direction as shown in Figure P37.6. Show that Equation 37.1, the condition for destructive interference, must be modified to read sindark=masinm=1,2,3,