(a) Describe briefly how a diffraction pattern is obtained on a screen due to a single narrow slit illuminated by a monochromatic source of light. Hence obtain the conditions for the angular width of secondary maxima and secondary minima. (b) Two wavelengths of sodium light of 590 nm and 596 nm are used in turn to study the diffraction taking place at a single slit of aperture 2 × 10-6 m. The distance between the slit and the screen is 1.5 m. Calculate the separation between the positions of first maxima of the diffraction pattern obtained in the two cases.

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Interference of Light

The word "constructive" signifies addition in interference. Constructive interference occurs when the path of the waves that start from the slit differs by 1 entire wavelength or in the intervals of the same. Hence, the waves that are presented on the screen are in phase (crest to crest/trough to trough). The waves interfering constructively forms bright fringes on the screen.