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A contestant in a winter games event pushes a 32.0 kg block of ice across a frozen lake as shown in Figure 4.29(a). The coefficient of static friction is 0.1 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.03.   (a) Calculate the minimum force F he must exert to get the block moving.  ...........N (b) What is its acceleration once it starts to move, if that force is maintained?  .........m/s2

A contestant in a winter games event pushes a 32.0 kg block of ice across a frozen lake as shown in Figure 4.29(a). The coefficient of static friction is 0.1 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.03.   (a) Calculate the minimum force F he must exert to get the block moving.  ...........N (b) What is its acceleration once it starts to move, if that force is maintained?  .........m/s2

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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A contestant in a winter games event pushes a 32.0 kg block of ice across a frozen lake as shown in Figure 4.29(a). The coefficient of static friction is 0.1 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.03.

 

(a) Calculate the minimum force F he must exert to get the block moving.
 ...........N
(b) What is its acceleration once it starts to move, if that force is maintained?
 .........m/s2

### Understanding the Effects of Force on Moving Objects In this educational section, we will explore how the direction and application of force affect the motion of an object. #### Figure Overview: The figure above is divided into two parts, both depicting a person attempting to move a large block of ice. ##### Top Part: - The illustration shows an individual pushing the block of ice forward. - The individual applies a force (\( F \)) in a direction that is horizontal and forward. - The frictional force (\( f \)), which opposes the direction of the applied force, acts in the opposite direction of the motion. #### Applied Concepts: - **Force (\( F \))**: A push or pull on an object that can cause it to accelerate, slowing down, or change direction. - **Frictional Force (\( f \))**: The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. It acts in the opposite direction to the applied force. ##### Bottom Part: - The illustration shows the same individual using a rope to pull the block of ice. - The force (\( F \)) being applied here is in a direction that is partially upward and forward. - The frictional force (\( f \)) still opposes the direction of motion, but in this case, the vertical component of the pulling force reduces the normal force and, consequently, the frictional force. #### Graphs and Diagrams Explanation: - **Top Diagram**: Displays the scenario of pushing an object horizontally, demonstrating how the applied force and friction are aligned along the same line of action but in opposite directions. - **Bottom Diagram**: Displays the scenario of pulling an object with a rope, showing the direction of the applied force at an angle. This introduces a vertical component that affects the frictional force. ### Key Insights: - Pushing an object involves a direct horizontal force that maximizes contact friction. - Pulling an object at an angle can reduce the frictional force, making it easier to move the object by partially lifting it. ### Educational Outcome: Through these illustrations, students learn how the angle and direction of applied force influence the required effort to move an object. Understanding these principles helps in applying physical concepts to practical scenarios, enhancing problem-solving skills in physics. This visual and explanatory guide should assist students in grasping the practical applications of force and friction in real-world situations.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Effects of Force on Moving Objects In this educational section, we will explore how the direction and application of force affect the motion of an object. #### Figure Overview: The figure above is divided into two parts, both depicting a person attempting to move a large block of ice. ##### Top Part: - The illustration shows an individual pushing the block of ice forward. - The individual applies a force (\( F \)) in a direction that is horizontal and forward. - The frictional force (\( f \)), which opposes the direction of the applied force, acts in the opposite direction of the motion. #### Applied Concepts: - **Force (\( F \))**: A push or pull on an object that can cause it to accelerate, slowing down, or change direction. - **Frictional Force (\( f \))**: The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. It acts in the opposite direction to the applied force. ##### Bottom Part: - The illustration shows the same individual using a rope to pull the block of ice. - The force (\( F \)) being applied here is in a direction that is partially upward and forward. - The frictional force (\( f \)) still opposes the direction of motion, but in this case, the vertical component of the pulling force reduces the normal force and, consequently, the frictional force. #### Graphs and Diagrams Explanation: - **Top Diagram**: Displays the scenario of pushing an object horizontally, demonstrating how the applied force and friction are aligned along the same line of action but in opposite directions. - **Bottom Diagram**: Displays the scenario of pulling an object with a rope, showing the direction of the applied force at an angle. This introduces a vertical component that affects the frictional force. ### Key Insights: - Pushing an object involves a direct horizontal force that maximizes contact friction. - Pulling an object at an angle can reduce the frictional force, making it easier to move the object by partially lifting it. ### Educational Outcome: Through these illustrations, students learn how the angle and direction of applied force influence the required effort to move an object. Understanding these principles helps in applying physical concepts to practical scenarios, enhancing problem-solving skills in physics. This visual and explanatory guide should assist students in grasping the practical applications of force and friction in real-world situations.
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