A concrete test cylinder with a cross-sectional area of 28.3 in squared is to be tested in axial compression. Before loading two marks are scribed on the cylinder precisely 8 in apart (as shown in the figure below) when the load is 40,000 lb the marks are measured and found to be 7.997 in apart determine the E value for this concrete. Assume an approximately linear relationship between stress and strain.

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Properties of materials

A property of a material describes its characteristics and distinguishes it from the others. The material properties are described it in terms of its hardness, color, appearances, and so on. The material properties generally depend on the type of material, or whether it is a metal or an alloy. There are different kinds of material properties such as mechanical properties, thermal properties, physical properties, and chemical properties. Chemical properties describe the material in terms of a chemical change. The mechanical properties come into existence when the material is acted upon by an external load. Thermal properties are associated with the temperature of the material and specific heat.