A clinical trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of the drug zopiclone for treating insomnia in older subjects. Before treatment with zopiclone, 16 subjects had a mean wake time of 102.8 min. After treatment with zopiclone, the 16 subjects had a mean wake time of 98.9 min and a sample standard deviation of 42.3 min (based on data from “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Zopiclone for Treatment of Chronic Primary Insomnia in Older Adults,” by Sivertsen et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 295, No. 24). Assume that the 16 sample values appear to be from a normally distributed population, and test the claim that after treatment with zopiclone, subjects have a mean wake time of less than 102.8 min. State the null hypothesis (H0). State the alternative hypothesis (H1). What kind of test would this be, a two-tailed, a left-tailed, or a right-tailed?

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 A clinical trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of the drug zopiclone for treating insomnia in older subjects. Before treatment with zopiclone, 16 subjects had a mean wake time of 102.8 min. After treatment with zopiclone, the 16 subjects had a mean wake time of 98.9 min and a sample standard deviation of 42.3 min (based on data from “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Zopiclone for Treatment of Chronic Primary Insomnia in Older Adults,” by Sivertsen et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 295, No. 24). Assume that the 16 sample values appear to be from a normally distributed population, and test the claim that after treatment with zopiclone, subjects have a mean wake time of less than 102.8 min.

  1. State the null hypothesis (H0).
  2. State the alternative hypothesis (H1).
  3. What kind of test would this be, a two-tailed, a left-tailed, or a right-tailed?
  4. Sketch a normal distribution curve and highlight the region of significance (also called critical region or rejection region).
  5. What test statistic is most relevant to this test? Why?\
  6. Use Excel to determine the P-value. What is it?
  7. On your graph, next highlight the P-value.
  8. State a conclusion about the null hypothesis. (Reject H0 or fail to reject H0.)

    Next, test this hypothesis using the critical value method.

  9. Using the most relevant test statistic, find the critical value from the tables at the back of the textbook. What is it?
  10. Sketch a normal distribution curve, plot the critical value, and highlight the critical or rejection region.
  11. Using the formulas in section 8-3, calculate the test statistic based on the sample data. Show your work. What is the test statistic?
  12. On your graph, plot the test statistic.
  13. State a conclusion about the null hypothesis. (Reject H0 or fail to reject H0.)
  14. Does zopiclone appear to be effective? Why do you think so?
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