a) Calculate the total active thrust on a vertical wall 5m high retaining a sand of unit weight 17 kN/m3 for which O'= 35o; the surface of the sand ið horizontal and the water table is below the bottom of the wall b)Determine the thrust on the wall if the water table rises to a level 2m below the surface of the sand. The saturated unit weight of the sand is 20 kN/m3.

Q: Note:hand written solution should be avoided.

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System of Forces

A force is an external influence or agent that changes the state of a system. According to Newton's second law, the force applied to a body is proportional to the change in momentum of a body. Hence, whenever a force is applied to a body, its momentum changes. If the body is at rest, under the action of force, its state of rest changes to motion. In other words, the magnitude of the momentum of the body changes from zero to a measurable value. Similarly, if the body possesses some initial velocity, it has some associated momentum, the effect of force can cause the body to halt or come to rest, that is, the momentum reduces to zero.