a) Calculate the total active thrust on a vertical wall 5m high retaining a sand of unit weight 17 kN/m3 for which O'= 35o; the surface of the sand ið horizontal and the water table is below the bottom of the wall b)Determine the thrust on the wall if the water table rises to a level 2m below the surface of the sand. The saturated unit weight of the sand is 20 kN/m3.

The following figure shows a section of an anchored retaining wall embedded into a saturated stiff clay layer. The sand has a unit weight of = 18 kN/m³, c' = 0 kPa and o' = 34º. The clay has a unit weight of = 20 kN/m³, c₁ = 80 kPa and = 0°. A uniform pressure of 40 kPa is applied on the soil surface. The short term stability of the wall is considered in an undrained analysis. Use the Rankin's theory of lateral earth pressure to determine the active and passive horizontal stresses. You should apply the requirements of AS 4678 and the partial factors of safety method in estimation of soil pressures. Assume the soil is in-situ and use a structural classification factor of ₁ = 1. 3m 1m Water table 1.5m 40 kPa Not to Scale Sand Clay Ta

Assume a smooth retaining wall as shown below. Calculate the hydrostatic force acting on the right side of the wall in kN per unit length (considering a 1 m length in the out-of-plane direction). The soil properties shown in the figure apply to either side of the wall  g = 9.81m/s2