A Boston Red Sox left-handed pitcher complains of aching of the left forearm brought on by exercise and relieved by rest. The left hand often becomes colder than the right and is paler when held above the head. The blood pressure in the left arm is 90/60 and in the right arm is 128/82. The 4th and 5th fingers of the left hand often experience numbness and tingling. What condition is the pitcher suffering from? What structures in the neck are involved? Explain the pathophysiological basis for the pitcher’s symptoms.

7. What clinical importance does the ESR measurement have?

A 24-year-old female visits her GP after having been in an automobile accident three days prior. She reports that while driving in slippery conditions she rear-ended the car in front of her and she was then rear-ended by the car behind her. She was traveling at about 30 mph and her airbags did employ. She reports first responders found no injuries but advised her to follow up with her GP if she developed any unusual symptoms.The woman reports that she seemed fine after the accident but did wake the morning after with a bit of a stiff neck and a headache; she didn't feel this was unusual given the accident and went on about her day. At the end of the next day she had to carry heavy bags up two flights of stairs to her apartment and when almost to her door she felt a zing all the way down her right arm. She immediately put the bags down. When she lifted the bags again her right arm felt numb. She woke this morning with a very stiff neck, stiffness in her upper arm, and “tingles” in her…