A 45.0-mL sample of a 0.837 M HNO, solution is titrated with a 0.338 M KOH solution. What will be the final volume of solution when the HNO, has been exactly neutralized by the KOH?

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**Titration Calculation Example**

**Problem Statement:**
A 45.0 mL sample of a 0.837 M HNO₃ solution is titrated with a 0.338 M KOH solution. What will be the final volume of the solution when the HNO₃ has been exactly neutralized by the KOH?

**Explanation:**
In this titration problem, we have a sample of nitric acid (HNO₃) being neutralized by potassium hydroxide (KOH). The goal is to find out the final volume of the solution once the neutralization is complete.

To solve this problem, you will need to use the concepts of molarity and the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base. Here, we can use the neutralization equation and the given molarities to determine the volume of KOH required to neutralize the HNO₃.

Let's start by writing the balanced equation for the neutralization reaction:

\[ \text{HNO}_3 + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

1. **Calculate the moles of HNO₃:**

\[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = \text{Molarity of HNO}_3 \times \text{Volume of HNO}_3 \]
\[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = 0.837 \, \text{M} \times 45.0 \, \text{mL} \]
\[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = 0.837 \, \text{M} \times 0.0450 \, \text{L} \]
\[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = 0.037665 \, \text{moles} \]

2. **Calculate the volume of KOH needed to neutralize the HNO₃:**

Since the reaction ratio between HNO₃ and KOH is 1:1 (from the balanced equation), the moles of KOH needed are equal to the moles of HNO₃.

\[ \text{moles of KOH} = 0.037665 \, \text{moles} \]

Now, using the molarity of the KOH solution, we calculate the volume of KOH required:

\[ \
Transcribed Image Text:**Titration Calculation Example** **Problem Statement:** A 45.0 mL sample of a 0.837 M HNO₃ solution is titrated with a 0.338 M KOH solution. What will be the final volume of the solution when the HNO₃ has been exactly neutralized by the KOH? **Explanation:** In this titration problem, we have a sample of nitric acid (HNO₃) being neutralized by potassium hydroxide (KOH). The goal is to find out the final volume of the solution once the neutralization is complete. To solve this problem, you will need to use the concepts of molarity and the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base. Here, we can use the neutralization equation and the given molarities to determine the volume of KOH required to neutralize the HNO₃. Let's start by writing the balanced equation for the neutralization reaction: \[ \text{HNO}_3 + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \] 1. **Calculate the moles of HNO₃:** \[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = \text{Molarity of HNO}_3 \times \text{Volume of HNO}_3 \] \[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = 0.837 \, \text{M} \times 45.0 \, \text{mL} \] \[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = 0.837 \, \text{M} \times 0.0450 \, \text{L} \] \[ \text{moles of HNO}_3 = 0.037665 \, \text{moles} \] 2. **Calculate the volume of KOH needed to neutralize the HNO₃:** Since the reaction ratio between HNO₃ and KOH is 1:1 (from the balanced equation), the moles of KOH needed are equal to the moles of HNO₃. \[ \text{moles of KOH} = 0.037665 \, \text{moles} \] Now, using the molarity of the KOH solution, we calculate the volume of KOH required: \[ \
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